PEM & Xerophthalmia

Which of the following is the primary cause of vitamin A deficiency?

• Insufficient intake of Vitamin A-rich foods
• Inadequate sunlight exposure
• Exposure to pollution
• Genetic factors

What are the main consequences of Vitamin A deficiency?

• Night blindness, xerophthalmia, impaired immunity
• Rickets, osteoporosis, scurvy
• Goiter, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism
• Beriberi, pellagra, kwashiorkor

Which of the following groups is at the highest risk of Vitamin A deficiency?

• Pregnant women
• Elderly people
• Adolescents
• Infants and young children

Which of the following food sources is a good source of Vitamin A?

• Spinach
• Oranges
• Carrots
• Whole grains

What is xerophthalmia?

• A condition where the skin becomes dry and scaly
• A condition where the eyes become dry and inflamed
• A condition where the hair becomes thin and brittle
• A condition where the bones become weak and fragile

Which of the following is a clinical manifestation of severe Vitamin A deficiency?

• Conjunctival xerosis
• Bitot's spots
• Night blindness
• All of the above

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for Vitamin A deficiency?

• Poverty
• Chronic diarrhea
• High intake of Vitamin A-rich foods
• Measles infection

Which age group is at highest risk for Vitamin A deficiency?

• Infants and young children
• Adolescents
• Adults over 50 years old
• Pregnant women

Which of the following is a function of Vitamin A in the body?

• Helps maintain healthy skin
• Supports immune function
• Promotes vision
• All of the above

Which of the following is a recommended dietary source of Vitamin A?

• Carrots
• Oranges
• Brown rice
• White bread