EOC Biology Review Assignment

Viruses are considered non-living because they lack the machinery to reproduce on their own and must rely on a cellular host cell to survive. Structures common to both cells and viruses include

• protein capsid
• nucleic acids
• cell wall
• nucleus

Differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes which are readily observable through the light microscope include

• I only
• II only
• I and II only
• I and III only

The cellular organelle most directly involved in maintaining homeostasis is the

• plasma membrane

• cell wall

• chloroplast

• mitochondria

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The stage of the cell cycle pictured may be best described as

• Cytokinesis: the cytoplasm of the cell is divided
• S phase: DNA is copied, resulting in identical sister chromatids
• G2 phase: the cell grows in size and prepares to divide the nucleus
• Mitotic phase: the nucleus is divided

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NGSS.HS-LS1-4

Leaves are plant organs specialized for photosynthesis. Through the light microscope, which organelle would be expected to be seen in greater numbers?

• 
• 
• 
• 

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NGSS.HS-LS2-5

When harmful mutations occur in genes that contain the information to make cell cycle regulatory proteins, this may result in accelerated cell division. The result of these mutations is most likely

• cancer
• slower cell growth
• a halt in mitosis
• entry into G0 phase

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NGSS.HS-LS1-4

Which of the following illustrations depicts a nucleotide, the building block of DNA?

• 
• 
• 
• 

Which statement most accurately describes how deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) carries the genetic code for building an organism?

• The order of nitrogen bases provides the genetic code
• The genetic code is based on the number of hydrogen bonds found between nitrogen bases
• The number of deoxyribose sugars along the sides of the DNA ladder is used to determine the genetic code
• The shape of the DNA molecule provides the genetic code

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NGSS.HS-LS1-1

The diagram above shows the process of meiosis. The segregation that occurs results in -

• decrease in the total number of cells per organism
• reduction in the number of chromosomes per cell
• single fertilized egg
• group of genetically identical cells

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Which of the following statements is NOT correct regarding the process in the illustration?

• I must be complementary to an mRNA codon.
• This process is replication
• III shows the first two amino acids of a growing protein change
• The process shown is translation.

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NGSS.HS-LS1-1