Final Bio Review 2023

How many chromosomes are in a human somatic cell? Sex cell?

• 46

• 23

• 99

What are the sex chromosomes for a male?

• XYY

• XY

• XXY

• Y

What are the sex chromosomes of a female?

• XXY

• XY

• XX

• Y

What mutation causes trisomy? (Down Syndrome)

• Substitution

• hemoglobin-Beta gene found on chromosome 11

• No mutation causes trisomy to appear

• Three copies of chromosome 21

What is a karyotype AND what information is provided about a person?

• the number of chromosomes a person has and whether or not they'll have trisomy

• Shows if a person will have cancer in the future

• number and visual appearance of the chromosomes in the cell and shows any abnormalities in a person

• a cell and what color eyes they will have

What are the stages of the cell cycle in order starting with G1?

• G1, S Phase, G2, M Phase

• G1, G2, M phase, S Phase

• G1, S Phase, M Phase, G2

• G1 then G2

What are the four parts of M phase? ( MORE THAN ONE ANSWER)

• prophase

• anaphase

• metaphase

• telophase

• Cytokinesis

Answer explanation

Cytokinesis is not correct because it happens after M phase/ mitosis.

In what phase do cells spend most of their lives?

• S phase

• Interphase

• Mitosis

• Cytokinesis

• G1

What important event happens in S phase?

• cells split

• DNA replication

• growth

• reproduction

during what phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell?

• prophase

• telophase

• anaphase

• metaphase