ENSC 101: Chapters 14-22

_____ is organic material that was compressed under very high pressure to produce a dense, carbon-rich, combustible material

• Coal

• Natural gas

• Crude oil

_____ consists primarily of methane, with varying amounts of other volatile hydrocarbons

• Coal

• Natural gas

• Crude oil

Select the three major factors that effect the climate:

• The Sun

• The Atmosphere

• The Oceans

• The Soil

________ are types of indirect evidence that serve as substitutes for direct measurements?

• Alternative indicators

• Estimated indicators

• Proxy indicators

Mitigation is...

• pursuing actions that reduce greenhouse gas emissions in order to lessen severity of future climate change

• accepting that climate change is happening and pursuing strategies to minimize its effects on us

Adaptation is...

• pursuing actions that reduce greenhouse gas emissions in order to lessen severity of future climate change

• accepting that climate change is happening and pursuing strategies to minimize its effects on us

Select all that are "unconventional" fossil fuels:

• Bitumen

• Oil sands

• Oil shale

• Coal

________ is when layers of rock and soil are removed to expose the resource.

• Strip mining

• Mountain top removal

• Deep well injection

• Subsurface mining

________ is when a hundred or more meters of mountaintop are removed to access seams of a resource

• Strip mining

• Mountain top removal

• Solution mining

• Subsurface mining

• Open pit mining

________ is when a deep borehole is drilled to the resource and a liquid is injected to dissolve the resource. The liquid is then pumped to the surface and the resource is isolated from the liquid.

• Strip mining

• Mountain top removal

• Solution mining

• Subsurface mining

• Open pit mining