1.1 Theories of the Origin of the Universe

___________ owing to the tension between the gravity and the cosmic constant the Universe has a weak equilibrium.

• Alexander Friedman

• Edwin Hubble

• Albert Einstein

• Alan Guth

___________ discovered a force called -cosmic constant- which allowed the universe to be in a state of equilibrium, thus he postulated in his general theory of relativity between 1915 and 1916.

• Alexander Friedman

• Edwin Hubble

• Albert Einstein

• Alan Guth

___________ , in 1981 his theory establishes that in the first seconds of the explosion the Universe didn't expand at the speed it does in the present, but much faster in a manner we call exponential.

• Alexander Friedman

• Edwin Hubble

• Albert Einstein

• Alan Guth

___________ , in 1928 he discovered that the stillness of the Universe was mere appearance, and he used the Doppler Effect to explain the movement of the Universe.

• Alexander Friedman

• Edwin Hubble

• Albert Einstein

• Alan Guth

_____________, predicted that, starting from an infinitely dense and heated beginning of matter, which caused the great explosion, an enormous number of photons must have been released through the cosmos.

• Ralph Alpher and Robert Herman

• Georges Lemaitre

• George Gamow

• Fred Hoyle, Hermann Bondi and Thomas Gold

_____________, they calculated the loss of heat of the light emitted by the explosion, since the Big Bang to our days.

• Ralph Alpher and Robert Herman

• Georges Lemaitre

• George Gamow

• Fred Hoyle, Hermann Bondi and Thomas Gold

_____________, they were critics of the Big Bang, they said that as the Universe expanded, new matter would be created.

• Ralph Alpher and Robert Herman

• Georges Lemaitre

• George Gamow

• Fred Hoyle, Hermann Bondi and Thomas Gold

_____________, he deduced that the Universe didn't collapse upon itself due to the fact that gravity was countered by a more powerful force originating from a great explosion that impulses all matter.

• Ralph Alpher and Robert Herman

• Georges Lemaitre

• George Gamow

• Fred Hoyle, Hermann Bondi and Thomas Gold