krok 10

Some diseases of large intestine lead to the changes in the quantitative ratio between mucosal epithelial cells. What cell types are normally predominant in the cryptal epithelium of the large intestine

• Poorly differentiated cells

• Goblet cells

• Ciliated columnar epithelial cells

• Endocrine cells

Examination of a surgically excised adrenal gland shows large cells that can be impregnated with a potassium dichromate solution. What hormone is being synthesized by these cells

• Adrenaline

• Secretin

• Cholecystokinin

• Aldosterone

A histological specimen demonstrates a vessel with the wall that consists of endothelium, basement membrane, and loose connective tissue. This vessel belongs to the following type:

• Muscular vein

• Hemocapillary

• Non-muscular vein

• Lymph capillary

Parenchyma of an organ is composed of pseudounipolar neurons localized under the capsule of connective tissue. Central place belongs to nerve fibers. Name this organ:

• Intramural ganglion

• Spinal ganglion

• Nerve trunk

• Spinal cord

A 40-year-old woman on examination presents with intensified basal metabolic rate. What hormone present in excess leads to such condition

• Aldosterone

• Glucagon

• Triiodothyronine

• Thyrocalcitonin

Toxic damage to hepatic cells resulted in disruption of the patient’s liver function and the patient developed edemas. What changes of blood plasma are the main cause of edema development

• Increase of albumin content

• Decrease of albumin content

• Decrease of globulin content

• Decrease of fibrinogen content

A patient has elevated blood pressure due to increased vascular tone. To lower the blood pressure in this case it is necessary to prescribe the blockers of:

• alpha-adrenoceptors

• alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors

• beta-adrenoceptors

• Histamine H1 receptors

After hyperventilation an athlete developed a brief respiratory arrest. It occurred due to the following changes in the blood:

• Decrease of CO2 pressure

• Increase of CO2 pressure

• Decrease of pH

• Increase of CO2 and O2 pressure

A person has increased pulmonary ventilation due to physical exertion. What indicator of external respiration will be significantly increased compared to the resting state

• Respiratory volume

• Expiratory reserve volume

• Inspiratory reserve volume

• Total lung capacity

Prolonged vomiting resulted in dehydration of the patient’s body. Under these conditons, water retention in the body is ensured primarily due to increased secretion of the following hormone:

• Natriuretic hormone

• Aldosterone

• Calcitonin

• Vasopressin