5th Grade Science Review

Which of the following energy sources does the least harm to the environment and can be replaced naturally?

• Petroleum

• Coal

• Sunlight

• Natural Gases

Answer explanation

Sunlight is the only renewable energy source. The others are nonrenewable.

Four student groups collected data about the distance an object moved during a 60 second period. They created graphs to represent their data. Which graph shows that the object's speed remained the same for the entire 60 seconds?

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• 

• 

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Answer explanation

The object in graph A stops between 40 and 50 seconds before moving again. The object in graph C stops between 20 and 30 seconds and then gets faster between 50 and 60 seconds. The object in graph D stops and does not move again after 40 seconds.

Sandra needs to move three objects at the same speed. The objects have masses of 100 g, 300 g, and 500 g. Which object will requrie the most force to move, and which object will require the least force to move?

• The 500 g object will require the most force; the 100 g object will require the least force.

• The 500 g object will require the most force; the 300 g object will require the least force.

• The 300 g object will require the most force; the 500 g object will require the least force.

• The 100 g object will require the most force; the 500 g object will require the least force.

Answer explanation

The smaller the mass, the less force needed to move the object.

The bowling ball is rolling on the floor to the right. Which arrow is showing the direction of the strongest force?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Answer explanation

You can tell there is more force because of the lines drawn beside the bowling ball.

Students wanted to test how the type of tire affects how far a toy car will roll before it stops. The students tested four different types of tires on the same floor surface. They tested each tire type five times and recorded the average distance in a table. Based on the data, which type of tire would be the best to use if you want the car to roll the farthest?

• Smooth rubber

• Rough rubber

• Smooth plastic

• Rough plastic

Answer explanation

The smooth plastic rolled the farthest.

A student riding a bicycle observes that it moves faster on a smooth road than on a rough road. This happens because the smooth road has-

• less gravity

• more gravity

• less friction

• more friction

Answer explanation

There is the same amount of gravity all over the world. The friction changes based on the type of surface.

Which labeled part in this picture has evidence of kinetic energy?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Answer explanation

The drop is the only thing that is moving. You can tell by the lines drawn above showing it is falling.

Two students wanted to find out how mass impacts motion. They obtained toy cars, pushed each car down a ramp, and then measured how far each car rolled. Which of these should be held constant if they want a fair test?

• The mass of the cars

• The length of the ramp

• The distance each car traveled

• The color of the cars

Answer explanation

A is the independent variable. C is the dependent variable. D does not affect the experiment in any way.

Brian's lab group wants to know how friction affects motion. They designed an experiment to test the effect of different surfaces on the speed of an object. They covered a wooden block with different materials and then slid the block down a ramp and recorded its speed.

They ran the test 3 different times. Each time, they covered the block with a different material: felt, paper, and foil. The type of material used to cover the block is the -

• constant

• hypothesis

• dependent variable

• independent variable

Answer explanation

The types of material is what they (I) changed.

Tina observed that one snail crossed a certain rock in 5 minutes, and it took a second snail 6 minutes to cross that same rock. These observations gave Tina data about each snail's -

(must choose 2 correct answers)

• force

• motion

• size

• speed