02 Introduction to ICT and Web Evolution B

Which ICT in Society is being defined by the given statement?

the mode of education that use information and communications technology to support, enhance, and optimise the delivery of information.

• Education

• Business

• Government

• Media and Entertainment

• Healthcare

Answer explanation

EDUCATION

Research websites such as EBSCOHOST, Google Scholar; Information is available anytime and anywhere; Use of Learning Management System such as Moodle, Google Classroom; Online Classes and Webinars; Distance Learning

(ICT) in education is the mode of education that use information and communications technology to support, enhance, and optimise the delivery of information.

Worldwide research has shown that ICT can lead to an improved student learning and better teaching methods.

Various devices/technology in ICT includes:

Access of course materials through remote devices,

Online digital repositories for lectures, course materials, and digital library,

Online/ cloud based academic management systems,

Employing the flipped classroom concept,

Making use of handheld computers, tablet computers, audio players, projector devices etc.

Which ICT in Society is being defined by the given statement?

E-commerce (buying and selling online) such as Lazada, Amazon; Online banking and online payment (transactions such as payment, deposits are made without being physically present in the establishment)

• Education

• Business

• Government

• Media and Entertainment

• Healthcare

Answer explanation

BUSINESS

E-commerce (buying and selling online) such as Lazada, Amazon; Online banking and online payment (transactions such as payment, deposits are made without being physically present in the establishment)

Cash Value Card (such as HappyPlus, e-tap card)- the use of card as an equivalent for money

Business Intelligence Tools - software that can collect large data that can be used by businesses for sales or market prediction

ICT includes all digital technology that assists individuals, businesses and organizations in using information. It covers all electronic products that deal with information in a digital form. Therefore, ICT is concerned with digital data storage, retrieval and transmission.

ecommerce

online banking and payment

cash value cards

business inteeligence tools

Which ICT in Society is being defined by the given statement?

Use of ICT in Government Services and Agencies such as SSS, LTO

Use of ICT to facilitate elections

• Education

• Business

• Government

• Media and Entertainment

• Healthcare

Answer explanation

GOVERNMENT

Use of ICT in Government Services and Agencies such as SSS, LTO

Use of ICT to facilitate elections

Use of ICT by Police in checking criminal records, monitoring traffic and crimes on the streets (use of CCTV), patrolling

Processing documents, such as licences, or collecting taxes electronically are examples of such possibilities. Few countries currently provide official data on ICT in government

E-Government and E-Governance

Which ICT in Society is being defined by the given statement?

Online streaming of videos and music

Video Games

Photo sharing

Social networking sites (i.e. facebook, twitter)

Blogs

• Education

• Business

• Government

• Media and Entertainment

• Healthcare

Answer explanation

MEDIA AND ENTERTAINMENT

Online streaming of videos and music

Video Games

Photo sharing

Social networking sites (i.e. facebook, twitter)

Blogs

ICT has been the source for entertainment and leisure and it is being used in these situations such as; communicating, games, media streaming and home leisure.

Home and leisure

Communication

Gaming

Media streaming

Which ICT in Society is being defined by the given statement?

ICT has bridged the distance towards your healthcare providers like your doctors even in the absence of face-to-face interactions.

• Education

• Business

• Government

• Media and Entertainment

• Healthcare

Answer explanation

HEALTHCARE

- electronic health record (EHR)

- electronic prescribing

- electronic-aided dispensing of

drugs in the hospitals

- Imaging devices (e.g. Xrays, MRI, ultrasound)

ICT has bridged the distance towards your healthcare providers like your doctors even in the absence of face-to-face interactions. Through ICT, it enables your doctors to give advice through looking at your medical information and history through online platforms

Information Communication Technologies allows for remote care, interdisciplinary clinical support, and knowledge support that is intended to bridge the gap that emerged in the health sector in both developing and new industrial countries.

Benefits of ICT in Healthcare

ICT has transformed healthcare in many developing countries by competently distributing public health information and enabling consultation in health issues.

Promote patient-centred healthcare at a lower cost

Improve the quality of care and information sharing among health workers

Educate health professionals and patients – learning and training

Encourage a new form of relationship between patients and health providers

Reduce travel time because of telemedicine and obtain remote consultation, diagnosis, and treatment from specialists in hospitals that are far away.

Monitor public health threats

Which Web Evolution Version is being defined by the given statement?

Static web

• WEB 1.0

• WEB 2.0

• WEB 3.0

Answer explanation

WEB 1.0

static web

READ-ONLY WEB (1999-2000)

static websites

read-only information

NO INTERACTION between consumers of information to and from producers of information

very limited content distribution

“shopping cart” applications where

customers view products similar to catalogs

Retailers provide information to customers about their products and how to purchase.

The first version of web Web 1.0 also referred as Syntactic web or read only web is the era(1990–2000) where the role of a user is limited to reading information provided by the content producers. There is no option given for user or consumer to communicate back the information to the content producers. Example of Web 1.0 are static web sites and personal sites.

Web 1.0 was the first stage of the World Wide Web revolution, usually referred to as read-only web. This was how the Internet we know today started in the first place, where the websites were merely informational and comprised entirely static content; they were only linked together by hyperlinks and lacked any interactive content or design elements.

Moreover, this was the era when only text emails could be written and sent, one could not even upload or attach any images or pictures. Although, personal pages were quite common, consisting mainly of static pages hosted on ISP-run web servers, or on free web hosting services. Interestingly, it cost the user as per pages viewed. It had directories that enabled the user to retrieve a particular piece of information.

In a nutshell, Web 1.0 was a content delivery network (CDN) that enabled to showcase of the piece of information on the websites where users passively receive information without being given the opportunity to post reviews, comments, and feedback. The content here was served from the server's file system and the pages were built using Server Side Includes (SSI) or Common Gateway Interface(CGI). Interestingly, frames and tables were used to position and align the elements on a webpage back then!

Which Web Evolution Version is being defined by the given statement?

Interactive web

• WEB 1.0

• WEB 2.0

• WEB 3.0

Answer explanation

WEB 2.0

interactive web

READ-WRITE WEB (2000-2010)

users may contribute content and interact with other web users

websites rely on user submissions

The birth of Streaming, Blogs, Social-Media & Video- consider Twitter, YouTube, eZine Articles, Flickr and Facebook

Websites are responsive (i.e. the phone image does something when clicked).

Allows INTERACTION

Sites uses LESS words, MORE images.

The Web 2.0 also referred as Social Web or read-write web is the era(2000–2010 and continues even now)

Web 2.0 was the second stage of the evolution of the web, also called the read-write web and it was the phase when websites grew in terms of user interaction. It was the period when websites became more focused on user-generated content, usability, and interoperability for end-users, leading them to become the - participative social web.

During Web 2.0, terms like blogs, social media, and video streaming gained popularity. This time period is also acknowledged for the ease with which music and video clips could be exchanged. It opened doors to podcasting, blogging, tagging, curating with RSS, social bookmarking, social networking, social media, web content voting, etc. It was the birthplace of Youtube, Wiki, Flickr, Facebook, and so on. Also, blogging became popular with the introduction of WordPress which started as a PHP & MySQL-led blogging platform and has now advanced to become a full content managed system (CMS) which powers over a quarter of the web and e-Commerce completely revolutionized the way we shop.

Thus, Web 2.0 brought a fundamental shift where people were allowed to share their perspectives, opinions, thoughts, and experiences via a number of online tools and platforms. It brought us the concept - ' Web as Platform ', where software applications are built upon the Web as opposed to upon the desktop. This was when websites began using web browser technologies such as AJAX and Javascript frameworks. This period continued to see the origin of APIs(Application Programming Interface) - a software intermediary that allows two applications to communicate with one another.

Which Web Evolution Version is being defined by the given statement?

Intelligent web

• WEB 1.0

• WEB 2.0

• WEB 3.0

Answer explanation

WEB 3.0

intelligent web

READ-WRITE-EXECUTE WEB (2010-2020)

The NEW FOCUS is to build technologies that will make machines think like humans, allowing machines to understand information and their relationships in order to provide a more productive and intuitive user experience.. Making the web INTELLIGENT.

Currently, there is a communication gap between human web users and computerized applications. Computer applications cannot understand DATA in context.

It is all about Semantic Web Technologies, Distributed Databases and Intelligent Applications

Example: Semantic emails make emails both human and machine understandable, making it possible for machines to easily collect information on the relationships of the sender, the recipients, the email content, and the topics resulting to automation of common email-related tasks.

Web 3.0 is the next generation of web, also termed as the executable web or read- write-execute web. It began with the onset of dynamic applications, interactive services, and “machine-to-machine” interaction. It is used to describe many evolutions of web usage and interaction between various paths. Data is not owned in this case, but rather shared, with services displaying different views for the same web/data.

It has also been referred to as Semantic Web to describe a web in which machines would process content in a humanlike way where all data would be connected and understood both contextually and conceptually, leading to the herald of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning. With this, information is more connected thanks to semantic metadata. As a result, the user experience evolves to another level of connectivity that leverages all the available information.

Two key terms associated with this phase are - semantic markup and web services. Apart from defining an item's appearance, semantic markup aids in its description. It guides in the search for other matched items based on similar attributes. Semantics, as opposed to Web 2.0, focuses on easy searching. You can now simply enter a keyword into Google Search and it will intelligently suggest related words.