8.E.1.2

The diagram shows the surface winds and water in a coastal area. Which best describes the process indicated by the ?? (a)  

• upwelling
• density currents
• downwelling
• spring tide

Which ocean zone contains hydrothermal vents?

• deep zone

• surface zone

• shallow zone

• intertidal zone

The diagram indicates how carbon is transferred and stored in various reservoirs. Where ocean water is warmer, dissolved carbon dioxide is released back into the atmosphere. In which part of the ocean does this most likely occur?

• at the surface

• 200 m below the surface

• 1,000 m below the surface

• on the bottom

Oceans cover about 70% of the surface of the Earth and form layers based on water depth. Which best describes a factor that is the same for the different layers of the oceans? (a)  

• amount of salt
• amount of oxygen
• amount of light
• amount of animal life

What causes upwelling in the oceans?

• winds and ocean currents
• coral reef construction
• photosynthesis reactions
• animal migration patterns

Which is the main source of dissolved oxygen in the ocean?

• plants and algae that live near the surface
• underwater earthquakes
• decay of living organisms
• animals that live near the surface

Which accurately describes the relationship between nutrients and life-forms in an estuary?

• As nutrients increase, the number of life-forms increases.
• As nutrients decrease, the number of life-forms increases.
• As nutrients increase, the number of life-forms stays the same.
• As nutrients decrease, the number of life-forms stays the same.

Which best describes the relationship between salinity levels and the amount of dissolved gases in ocean water?

• As salinity increases, the amount of dissolved gases decreases.
• As salinity increases, the amount of dissolved gases increases.
• As salinity decreases, the amount of dissolved gases decreases.
• As salinity decreases, the amount of dissolved gases remains the same.

Which factors limit the productivity of a marine ecosystem?

• availability of light and nutrients
• availability of nutrients and fresh water
• availability of light and chemosynthetic organisms
• availability of photosynthetic organisms and fresh water

Why are upwellings in the ocean essential for some organisms to survive?

• because needed nutrients and dissolved gases are brought into new areas
• because many animals need low-tide conditions each day
• because currents carry predators away from the surface
• because the warm water kills bacteria before it can harm plankton