Physics Chapter 9 Test

Beta decay is the process in which a neutron is changed into a proton, electron, and antineutrino. Which fundamental force is most responsible for this reaction? ​ (a)  

• Weak Nuclear Force
• Electromagnetic
• Strong Nuclear Force
• Gravitational

The following spectrum is obtained from observation of Alpha Centauri.

Which of the following elements is present in the above spectrum?

• 
• 
• 
• 

Why do atoms of different elements produce different emission spectra?

• Each electron produces a unique set of light wavelengths when it absorbs energy and makes a quantum jump to a higher energy level.

• Each electron produces a unique set of light wavelengths when it releases energy and makes a quantum jump to a lower energy level.

• Each electron produces a unique set of light wavelengths when it absorbs energy and makes a quantum jump to a lower energy level.

• Each electron produces a unique set of light wavelengths when it releases energy and makes a quantum jump to a higher energy level.

How do scientists identify the chemical composition of the stars?

• Scientists observe changes in the light as the stars twinkle and compare the change to known chemical changes that can occur in stars.

• Scientists collect particles in the Earth’s upper atmosphere and determine the origin of the particles based on particle location and its orientation with the stars.

• Scientists measure the temperatures of distant stars and determine what elements are able to produce the recorded temperatures when undergoing nuclear fusion.

• Scientists analyze the light waves coming from the stars and compare the data to the known light waves released from elements when electrons jump energy levels.

When light from hot hydrogen gas passes through a spectroscope, it creates the emission spectrum shown.

The 656 nm line in the emission spectrum is caused by electrons in the hydrogen jumping —

• to lower energy levels and releasing 656 nm photons

• to higher energy levels and releasing 656 nm photons

• from the 486 nm level to the 656 nm level and releasing 656 nm photons

• from the 656 nm level to the 486 nm level and releasing 656 nm photons

Which of the following provides evidence to support Einstein's discovery of E = mc2?

• Atoms have less mass than their substituent parts

• Black holes can bend light when sufficiently close.

• Electrons can be diffracted by crystals.

• Chemical reactions can occur between two atoms even when they do not have the minimum energy required.

The world currently uses an estimated 2.66 X 10^20 J of energy every year. What mass of matter would need to be converted into pure energy to meet current demand?

Mathematical Equivalence

ON

In 1905, Albert Einstein published a paper called Does the Inertia of a Body Depend Upon Its Energy-Content. This paper became famous because of its general proposal of mass-energy equivalence. What did Einstein propose about the relationship of mass and energy?

• A large amount of matter contains a large amount of energy

• A small amount of matter contains a small amount of energy.

• A small amount of matter contains a large amount of energy.

• A large amount of matter contains a small amount of energy.

Based on mass-energy equivalence, how much energy is in a single atom of Carbon?

• 12.011 joules

• 1.795 joules

• 1.795 x 10^-6 joules

• 12.011 x 10^-6 joules

Which of the following devices is made possible by advancements in quantum mechanics?

​ (a)  

• All of these require quantum mechanics
• Blu-ray players
• Digital cameras
• Transistor radios