Biology Semester Exam Review Spring '23

Which defines an organism that is homozygous for a trait?

• has 2 different alleles for a trait
• has 2 different genes for a trait
• has 2 of the same alleles for a trait
• has 2 of the same genes for a trait

Which describes the 23 pairs of human chromosomes?

• 1 autosome pair, 22 sex chromosome pairs
• 1 sex chromosome pair; 22 autosomes pairs
• 2 autosomes pairs, 21 sex chromosome pairs
• 2 sex chromosome pairs, 21 autosome pairs

Which is a dominant genetic disorder?

• achondroplasia
• albinism
• galacotsemia
• hemophilia

What is the genotype of a woman with red-green color blindness?

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Why is Down syndrome called trisomy 21?

• The person has 21 pairs of chromosomes instead of 23
• The person has an abnormal gene on chromosome 21
• The syndrome is caused by having 21 pairs of autosomes
• The syndrome results from an extra chromosome 21

Which is the biological importance of the molecule adenosine triphosphate (ATP)?

• provides chemical energy
• creates glucose from light
• repairs cell membranes
• makes biological proteins

A cell uses oxygen to break down molecules, generating energy is an example of __________.

• glycolysis
• cellular respiration
• photosynthesis

Which identifies the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

• both processes generate energy for the cell
• the products of one process are used as reactants by the other process
• the reactants of one process are also the reactants of the other process
• both processes release energy for cell use

Which is formed during the light-independent phase of photosynthesis?

• glucose
• pigment molecules
• NADPH
• ATP

Which describes the process of glycolysis?

• anaerobic process that breaks down glucose
• aerobic process that manufactures glucose
• aerobic process that breaks down glucose
• anaerobic process that manufactures glucose