Praxis 2505- Part 2: Phonics and Decoding

1. Which of the following sets of letters would a teacher use when helping students with their diphthongs?

• oi, ai, ei

• kn, gn, gh

• ee, ea, oo

• ff, ll, pp

2. Which of the following would be most appropriate to strengthen automaric word recognition skills?

• Memorize high frequency words.

• Have students track letters with a finger as they read.

• Write down difficult words over and over.

• Use a dictionary for unfamiliar words.

3. Which of the following represents an error in decoding vowel teams?

• During a spelling test, the student writes cone when a teacher said coin.

• During a fluency read, the student reads cone when the word is coin.

• During a spelling test, the student writes bake instead of back.

• During a fluency read, the student reads bake when the word is back.

4. Which of the following students would benefit most from explicit phonics instruction?

• A pre-school student who knows the alphabet but cannot recognize phonemes in words.

• A kindergarten student who can recognize pictures and associate them with words.

• A first-grade student who has memorized 100 sight words but cannot decode medium-frequency words in text.

• A third-grade student who has automaticity but struggles with low-frequency, academic words in text.

5. A teacher asks students to think of and write down 5 words that contain the prefix in-. Which of the following skills is the teacher reinforcing?

• Greek and Latin Roots

• Structural analysis and morphology

• Phonemic awareness and phonics

• Vocabulary and homographs

6. Which of the following sets of words would be most appropriate when teaching structural analysis?

• bank, sank, tank

• green, Greek, grime

• impossible, unbelievable, incapably

• choice, voice, boil

7. A student is identifying words with free and bound morphemes. Which of the following words should the student be identifying?

• sidewalk, mailman, rattlesnake

• station, caution, location

• lonely, cautiously, heavenly

• pizza, organize, stayed

8. Which of the following would be most effective when helping English learners understand multi-morphemic words?

• Focus on the common Latin roots in the words.

• Memorize the spelling in words.

• Understand the words in context.

• Identify the synonyms for the words.

9. Which of the following is most useful when learning compound words?

• Have students use decoding skills to break down vowel sounds.

• Have students use structural analysis to break the words apart.

• Have students use phonemic awareness to identify all the sounds in the words.

• Have students identify if the words are CVC, CVCC, or CVCe words.

10. Structural analysis is beneficial for students in the upper elementary grades because this skill:

• helps students decode words using phonics

• helps students memorize high-frequency words

• helps students use text structures to determine meaning

• help students use strategies to break down multi-syllable words.