Quiz # 4 - Networking

Reference model that describes how information from a software application in one computer moves through a physical medium to the software application in another computer.

This protocol implements logical host addresses known as IP addresses. The IP addresses are used by the internet and higher layers to identify the device and to provide internetwork routing.

An IP protocol accepts the data from the transport layer protocol. An IP protocol ensures that the data is sent and received securely, it encapsulates the data into message known as IP datagram.

• IP Addressing

• Host-to-host communication

• Data Encapsulation and Formatting

• Routing

It determines the path through which the data is to be transmitted.

• IP Addressing

• Host-to-host communication

• Data Encapsulation and Formatting

• Routing

When IP datagram is sent over the same local network such as LAN, MAN, WAN, it is known as direct delivery. When source and destination are on the distant network, then the IP datagram is sent indirectly. This can be accomplished by routing the IP datagram through various devices such as routers.

• IP Addressing

• Host-to-host communication

• Data Encapsulation and Formatting

• Routing

Network layer protocol which is used to find the physical address from the IP address.

It is a mechanism used by the hosts or routers to send notifications regarding datagram problems back to the sender.

Responsible for the reliability, flow control, and correction of data which is being sent over the network.

Digital transmission system sends the voltage pulses over the medium link such as wire or cable.

• Unipolar Encoding

• Polar Encoding

• Bipolar Encoding

• Digital encoding

It is an encoding scheme that uses two voltage levels: one is positive, and another is negative.

• Unipolar Encoding

• Polar Encoding

• Bipolar Encoding

• Digital encoding