EOC Review Warmup - Cell Specialization

The process of a cell developing into a certain type has two names, what are they?

• Replication

• Translation

• Differentiation

• Specialization

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Why are your muscle cells different from your nerve cells?

• muscle and nerve cells have different DNA, different genes

• muscle and nerve cells have the same DNA (same genes) but different genes are turned on

• muscle and nerve cells began with the same DNA (same genes) but some different genes were destroyed by each cell type

• muscle cells are not different from nerve cells, they are the same

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What is the purpose of some organisms having different specialized cell types each doing particular jobs?

• if all the cells were the same they would fight each other

• it is impossible for a single cell to do everything needed to keep it alive

• in multicellular organisms specialized cells work together to perform life functions

• this is not true - all cells are the same and do the same jobs

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Which type of cell will result from a DNA code for cells specialized in transmitting electrical signals?

• fat cell

• nerve cell

• egg cell

• red blood cell

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Which cell is undifferentiated?

• stem cell

• skin cell

• muscle cell

• white blood cell

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Which best explains why muscle cells are different from blood cells?

• A mutation occurs during the development of muscle cells but not in blood cells.

• Different genes are activated in muscle cells than in blood cells.

• Muscles cells experience different environmental influences than blood cells.

• Muscle cells are produced by the brain, but blood cells are produced by the heart.

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A few days after fertilization, cells in the embryo begin to turn on and off particular genes in order to become particular cell types. This process is called...

• Differentiation

• Homeostasis

• The cell cycle

• Mitosis

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Stem cells are

• cells that grow uncontrollably
• undifferentiated and can be any type of cell
• never go through cell division
• only found in embryos

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What is cell differentiation?

• Process by which cells produce more cells
• Process by which cells become specialized
• Process by which cells become unspecialized
• Process by which cells die

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In multicellular organisms

• all cells contain the same DNA
• all cells have different DNA
• cells have different DNA based on their function
• cells do not have DNA

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