Review 4.1: Renaissance, Reformation, Scientific Revolution

During the Renaissance, humanist philosophers emphasized the importance of

• individualism
• absolutism
• religious salvation
• technological advancements

What was a major characteristic of the Renaissance in Europe?

• Secular achievements were emphasized.
• Suffrage was granted to men and women.
• Most literature was written in Arabic.
• Most ancient Greek and Roman ideas were rejected.

This set of ideas from the Scientific Revolution gave Europeans a new way to

• support the core beliefs of the church
• view humankind’s place in the universe
• authenticate historical facts
• verify civil liberties

One way in which the contributions of Copernicus, Galileo, and Newton are similar is that each

• challenged the heliocentric theory of the universe
• based his work on Enlightenment principles of social contract
• practiced observation and experimentation in his work
• supported the work of the Inquisition

Which of the following movements was a 16th-century religious, political, intellectual, and cultural revolution that sought to change or remake the Catholic Church.

• The Renaissance
• The Protestant Reformation
• The French Revolution
• The Inquisition

Martin Luther was angered by indulgences because he believe that...

• Salvation was to be earned, but not bought.
• Salvation was only given to people who read the Bible.
• Salvation was reserved for Church officials only.
• Salvation was a gift from God, not something to be earned.

What is one belief Luther held that differed from church practices?

• He believed Christians could be saved only by faith.
• He believed the Church should sell more indulgences.
• He supported Johann Tetzel.
• He opposed translating the Bible.

The passage and image above are evidence of Leonardo da Vinci’s involvement in which historical developments?

• Protestant Reformation and Catholic Counter Reformation
• Golden Age of Athens and Peloponnesian War
• Renaissance and Scientific Revolution
• The First and Second Crusades

Leonardo da Vinci’s learned about the human body through

• Observation
• Examining the anatomy of other animals
• The teachings of Martin Luther
• Studying biblical sources

Which individual supported the theory represented in this illustration?

• Socrates
• Ptolemy
• Dante
• Galileo