It is the process of entrusting and empowering a subordinate to successfully complete a task, project or job role.

• Centralization

• Chain of command

• Span of control

• Delegation

Describes the number of subordinates who are directly accountable to a manager.

• Centralization

• Chain of command

• Span of control

• Delegation

It refers to the management structure of an organization based on the number of layers of formal authority, usually presented in a diagram or chart.

• Hierarchy levels

• Chain of command

• Span of control

• Delegation

It is the formal line of authority through which orders and decisions are passed down from senior management at the top to operational workers at the bottom of the hierarchy

• Hierarchy levels

• Chain of command

• Span of control

• Delegation

It refers to the administrative systems of a business, such as the set of complex rules and procedures and formal hierarchical structures in an organization

• Hierarchy levels

• Chain of command

• Span of control

• Bureaucracy

It refers to organizational structures where the majority of decision making is in the hands of a very small number of people at the top of the hierarchical structure

• Hierarchy levels

• Chain of command

• Centralization

• Bureaucracy

It refers to organizational structures which include the delegation of decision making authority throughout an organization, away from a central authority

• Hierarchy levels

• Descentralization

• Centralization

• Bureaucracy

It is the process of removing one or more layers in the organizational hierarchy to make the structure flatter

• De-layering

• Descentralization

• Centralization

• Bureaucracy

Have many levels of management. Managers have a smaller area of control.

• De-layering

• Flat organizations

• Tall organizations

• Bureaucracy

Have few levels of management. There may be just one top manager who is the owner or CEO of the company

• De-layering

• Flat organizations

• Tall organizations

• Bureaucracy