Practice Final Exam

Which of the following occurred at the Munich Conference in September 1938?

• Britain and France approved the surrender of the Sudetenland to Germany
• The Soviet Union left the conference after seeing the terms of the agreement
• Italy refused to support Germany
• Germany was given all of Czechoslovakia
• Winston Churchill convinced all parties to agree to a reasonable compromise

Which of the following best characterizes Renaissance Humanists?

• They totally rejected Christianity and embraced atheism
• They concentrated on the study of humans from a biological perspective
• They rejected writers from the pre-Christian period
• They emphasized rhetoric based on classical (Roman and Greek) models
• They maintained the principles of medieval Scholasticism

Advocates of northern humanism believed which of the following?

• The fusion of Christian and Classical ideals provides the best definition of virtuous conduct
• The conventions of romantic love enhance the social respect for women
• Education and scholarship should be equally open to men and women
• The new poetic forms, such as the sonnet, could be used to articulate their beliefs
• Political rights should be extended to all men

The beginning of the Renaissance is most closely associated with:

• France
• The holy Roman Empire
• Florence
• Rome
• Milan

“O highest and most marvelous felicity of man! To him it is granted to have whatever he chooses, to be whatever he wills.” This quotation expresses the views of:

• Niccolo Machiavelli in The Prince
• Thomas More in Utopia
• Desiderius Erasmus in In Praise of Folly
• Castiglione in Book of the Courtier
• Pico della Mirandola in On the Dignity of Man

“If a prince wants to maintain his rule, he must learn how not the virtuous, and to make use of this or not according to his need.” The passage above best reflects the argument of:

• Thomas More
• Niccolo Machiavelli
• Louis XII
• Henry VII
• Erasmus

The primary purpose of the Peace of Augsburg (1555) was to

• End the wars between the Hapsburgs and the French Valois monarchy
• Facilitate diplomatic relations between the Holy Roman Empire and the Ottoman Turks
• End the 30 Years’ War
• Create better trade relations among the German princes
• End conflict between Lutherans and Roman Catholics in the German states

According to Luther, salvation came through

• Works of salvation
• Transubstantiation
• A sincere faith in and devotion to God
• Interpretation of scripture through priests

The Council of Trent was the major body through which

• Spain strengthened its position against the Turks
• The House of Hapsburg gained control over Italy
• The Roman Catholic Church reformed corruption
• European states entered into economic cooperation
• Puritans and Catholics were reconciled

What was the long-term effect of the Protestant Reformation in Germany?

• German unification
• A politically weaker Germany, making unification more difficult
• A politically stronger Germany, making unification easier
• No political changes of any importance
• A victory for Charles