Biology Final Review

1. During photosynthesis, different gasses move in and out of plant cells.  Which phrase best represents the net flow of gasses involved in photosynthesis?

• Carbon dioxide moves in; oxygen moves out

• Oxygen moves in; carbon dioxide moves out

• Carbon dioxide moves in; nitrogen moves out

• Oxygen moves in; nitrogen moves out

1. The process of cellular respiration is _____meaning that it _______. 

• exothermic; absorbs energy

• exothermic; releases energy

• endothermic; absorbs energy

• endothermic; releases energy

1. Which process can produce the most energy for a cell?

• Lactic acid fermentation

• Aerobic respiration

• Anaerobic respiration

• Alcohol fermentation

1. At the beginning of cellular respiration _______ occurs, where glucose is broken down into pyruvate and ATP.  This step does not require any oxygen.

• Glycolysis

• Krebs/Citric acid cycle

• Electron Transport Chain

• Alcohol fermentation

1. A sperm cell of an octopus has 14 chromosomes.  What is the total number of chromosomes that should be present in a stomach cell of the same octopus?

• 7

• 14

• 28

• 23

1. G = Green, g = yellow. The genotype for a yellow plant would be ______

• GG

• Gg

• gg

• 1. All choices result in yellow 

1. In order for a mutation to be passed on from parent to offspring, the mutation must occur in 

• somatic cells

• gametes

• brain cells

• any cell of the body

1. Genetic diversity is ultimately/mainly the result of______.

• meiosis

• viruses

• mutations

• reproduction

1. Which of the following does NOT increase genetic variation?

• Mutations

• Gene flow

• Mitosis

• Crossing over

1.  Nitrogen in the air must be "fixed" before it can be used by plants.  Atmospheric nitrogen is "fixed" by_______.

• plants

• bacteria and insects

• bacteria

• bacteria and fungi (decomposers)