Unit 4, AOS 1, Dot point 1 &2

Consciousness is best defined as an organism’s

• awareness of an internal or external stimulus.

• ability to change its level or degree of awareness.

• lack of awareness of internal or external stimuli.

• sustained attention to a stimulus while excluding other distracting stimuli.

An altered state of consciousness

• typically involves some loss of awareness.

• is a type of unconsciousness.

• is the opposite of normal waking consciousness.

• is significantly different from the experience of normal waking consciousness.

Which of the following is typically an induced ASC?

• sleep state

• anaesthetised

• daydreaming

• normal wakefulness

Alex was waiting at the hairdresser’s for his appointment. As time passed, Alex considered the traffic conditions outside and whether he would get home in time to watch his favourite TV show, noticed the peculiar smell in the salon, and wondered whether he would have time for a run later on.

Alex’s state of consciousness could best be described as

• focused awareness.

• normal waking consciousness.

• an induced altered state of consciousness.

• a naturally occurring altered state of consciousness.

Which one of the following is an objective measure that could be used to investigate possible treatments that would reduce sleep disturbances?

• electromyograph recording participants’ brain wave patterns

• video monitoring recording the time and duration of participants’ awakenings

• a questionnaire with a rating scale measuring participants’ anxiety about sleep

• a sleep diary in which the participants record how they felt after each night’s sleep

Which one of the following represents a quantitative measure of sleep that would indicate whether someone has moved during their sleep?

• an electroencephalograph, which indicates a deep sleep

• an electromyograph, which indicates changes in muscle tone

• a video recording, which provides visual evidence of movement

• an electro-oculograph, which records changes in eye movements indicating stages of sleep

The most reliable measure of sleep would be a combination of

• video monitoring and self-reported sleep logs.

• physiological measures recorded in a sleep laboratory and self-reported sleep logs.

• physiological measures recorded in a sleep laboratory and video monitoring on the same night.

• physiological measures recorded in a sleep laboratory and video monitoring on a different night.

A student is standing nervously outside the examination room, waiting to enter and start her examination. If the electrical activity of the student’s brain was measured, the brain wave pattern would most likely show

• Alpha Waves

• Beta Waves

• Theta Waves

• Delta Waves

Which one of the following options names and explains the type of rhythm shown in the graph above?

• ultradian rhythm, because melatonin levels fluctuate in the cycle

• ultradian rhythm, because melatonin release follows a 24-hour pattern peaking at 3 am

• circadian rhythm, because the level of melatonin peaks during the night and returns to normal during the day

• circadian rhythm, because the build-up of melatonin occurs as part of the cycle, which is shorter than 24 hours

Dr Terrence is running an experiment to investigate the effect that room temperature has on the time taken for people to fall asleep.

In this experiment, the independent variable is

• room temperature.

• time taken for people to fall asleep.

• body temperature when people fall asleep.

• body temperature when people fall asleep.