Grade 10 Darwin

What is the classification of these foods?

• Proteins

• Lipids

• Carbohydrates

• Vitamins

Answer explanation

Seafood contains a high-quality protein that includes all of the essential amino acids for human health, making it a complete protein source. A 3 ounce cooked serving of most fish or shellfish provides about one-third of the average daily recommended amount of protein.

What is the classification of these foods?

• Proteins

• Carbohydrates

• Lipids

• Vitamins

Answer explanation

Bioactive lipids in milk include triacylglycerides, diacylglycerides, saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, and phospholipids. Beneficial activities of milk lipids include anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and immunosuppression properties.

Lactose is synthesized by the combination of type of what sugars?

• glucose and fructose

• glucose and sucrose

• galactose and glucose

• galactose and fructose

Answer explanation

Lactose is composed of a molecule of galactose joined to a molecule of glucose by a β-1,4-glycosidic linkage. It is a reducing sugar that is found in milk.

Maltose is what type of carbohydrates?

• monosaccharide

• disaccharide

• polysaccharide

Answer explanation

Since there are two units connected, maltose is referred to as a disaccharide: 'di' meaning two and saccharide is another name for a simple carbohydrate or sugar (such as glucose). So, it is a carbohydrate with two sugar units.

galactose is what type of sugar?

• monosaccharide

• disaccharide

• polysaccharide

What type of bond links two monosaccharides of a disaccharide?

• ionic bond

• glycosidic bond

• hydrogen bond

• acidic bond

Which of the following is NOT a polysaccharide?

• starch

• lactose

• cellulose

• glycogen

Answer explanation

Lactose is a disaccharide comprised of glucose linked to galactose. Disaccharides are sugars made of two carbohydrate residues. Lactose is therefore not a polysaccharide because the biochemical definition of a polysaccharide states that polysaccharides must possess at least three carbohydrate residues linked together.

Which of the following is commonly known as table sugar?

• maltose

• lactose

• fructose

• sucrose

Answer explanation

Sucrose is a disaccharide made of glucose and fructose. It's commonly known as “table sugar” but it can be found naturally in fruits, vegetables, and nuts. However, it's also produced commercially from sugar cane and sugar beets through a refinement process.

Organic compounds that are the body's main source of energy are called?

• enzymes

• proteins

• vitamins

• carbohydrates

Answer explanation

Carbohydrates are organic compounds used to store energy. A monosaccharide is a simple sugar, such as fructose or glucose. Complex carbohydrates have two main functions: storing energy and forming structures of living things.

Which of the following sugars is abundantly found in milk?

• sucrose

• maltose

• fructose

• lactose

Answer explanation

Lactose is a sugar found in milk and milk products. Lactose intolerance happens when your small intestine does not make enough of a digestive enzyme called lactase. Lactase breaks down the lactose in food so your body can absorb it.