EDtest 12.12.25

A patient is taking theophylline and consumes grilled meat containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Which outcome is most likely?

• Decreased theophylline metabolism → toxicity

• Increased theophylline metabolism → lower plasma concentration

• No effect

• MAO inhibition

Naringenin, quercetin, and 6,7-dihydroxybergamottin:

• Inhibit CYP3A enzymes

• Induce CYP3A enzymes

• Activate MAO

• Increase drug elimination

Which of the following induces cytochrome P-450 synthesis?

• Quercetin

• Grapefruit juice

• Energy deficiency leading to mobilization of essential fatty acids

• Vitamin B1 supplementation

Indicate the false statement/s:

• Cabbage indoles inhibit CYP450 activity

• Protein deficiency decreases cytochrome P-450 activity

• The inhibitory effect of grapefruit juice on CYP3A activity can last up to 24 hours

• Thiamine deficiency increases fat mobilization and increases CYP450 synthesis

Which is an example of an antagonist interaction?

• Caffeine + acetylsalicylic acid

• ACE inhibitors + potassium salts

• Vitamin K-rich vegetables + anticoagulants

• Licorice + furosemide

Increased fluid intake affects drug bioavailability by:

• Reducing absorption

• Diluting the drug, enhancing bioavailability

• Reducing metabolism

• Decreasing solubility

Which of the following is an example of synergistic drug-food interaction?

• MAO inhibitors + aged cheese

• Vitamin K + warfarin

• Caffeine + acetylsalicylic acid

• Tetracyclines+calcium supplements

Indicate the false statement/s:

• Tyramine-rich foods can interact with MAO inhibitors, causing severe hypertension

• ACE inhibitors and potassium salts may lead to hyperkalemia

• Caffeine enhances the analgesic effect of some painkillers

• Acidifying the urine increases excretion of weak acidic drugs

Which foods are high in tyramine?

• Apples, carrots

• Cheddar, pickled herring

• Rice and pasta

• Chicken breast

Indicate the false statement/s:

• Disulfiram taken with alcohol causes symptoms due to inhibition of aldehyde dehydrogenase

• One-time alcohol consumption mainly inhibits drug metabolism

• Chronic alcohol consumption typically leads to increased drug metabolism

• Alcohol always decreases the potency of benzodiazepines