Mutations

What are the three types of mutations?

• Insertion, Deletion, Substitution

• Aberration, Deletion, Substitution

• Inversion, Duplication, Insertion

• Insertion, Duplication, Substitution

Original DNA sequence: TTACGCAAG

DNA sequence following mutation: TTCGCAAG.

What type of mutation is this?

• Substitution
• Deletion
• Insertion
• Inversion

The bottom DNA sequence in the image has been altered by this type of mutation

• substitution

• insertion

• deletion

• translocation

A segment of DNA has base sequence GAC GAC CGC AAA ACA AGC. Due to deletion, the first base G is deleted. The likely effect of this on the coding of DNA segment is that

• the first amino acid will be different and all other will be like the original polypeptide.

• there will be no change in the polypeptide chain.

• the whole sequence of amino acids will be changed.

• the polypeptide chain will be two amino acids shorter

Original DNA sequence: GAG CTC GAC AGA

DNA sequence following mutation: GAG CTC CAC AGA

What type of mutation is this?

• frameshift

• substitution
• insertion
• deletion

DNA mutations that do not cause any functional change in the protein product are known as:

• nonsense mutations

• missense mutations

• antisense mutations

• silent mutations

Mutations can be:

• Harmful

• Beneficial

• Neutral

• All of the Above

Why are insertion and deletion mutations so harmful?

• They change all of the codons following the mutation, which changes the amino acid sequence

• They insert things that an organism doesn't need.
• They often delete things that organisms need.
• Insertion and deletions are not any more harmful than substitution mutations.

Mutations that result in the generation of a stop codon are called:

• Antisense mutations

• Missense mutations

• Nonsense mutations

• Termination mutations

Mutations that occur during DNA replication are called:

• Spontaneous mutations

• Induced mutations

• Natural mutations

• Replicative mutations