Unit 7: Gene Expression & Protein Synthesis Exam Review

Select the 3 Parts of a DNA Nucleotide.

• Deoxyribose sugar

• Phosphate Group

• Nitrogenous bases A, T, C, G

• Ribose Sugar

• Nitrogenous Bases A, U, C, G

What part of the nucleotide is unique to each individual organism and contains the genetic code?

• Phosphate group

• Sugar

• Nitrogenous base

Replicate the following strand of DNA - ATG - CCC - GCA - TGC - ATT what is the complementary strand?

• UAC-GGG-CGU-ACG-UAA

• TAG-GGG-CGT-ACG-TAA

• TAC-GGG-CGT-ACG-TAA

• TAC-CCG-GCT-ACG-TAA

A multicellular eukaryote begins life as a single cell called a zygote. What happens to the cells as the organism develops?

• The cells remain the same size and function.

• The cells differentiate and become specialized.

• The cells decrease in number.

• The cells lose their ability to divide.

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A gene is:

• a section of DNA on a chromosome that contains the instructions for making a protein.

• a specific type of cell in the human body.

• what you wear to keep your legs warm

• the entire DNA sequence that is found in specific cells

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Specialized cells within an organism have identical DNA sequences, what happens so that each cell can function differently? (Why do nerve cells function differently than bone cells?)

• Each cell type expresses different genes.

• Each cell type has different DNA sequences.

• Each cell type has different organelles.

• Each cell type has different cell membranes.

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Factors that can cause genes within an organism to be expressed or repressed include:

• external influences, such as diet, temperature and light

• chemicals and radiation

• internal factors such as hormones and proteins

• All of these

• Genetic Factors

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What are the 3 unique characteristics of RNA that distinguish it from DNA?

• RNA is single-stranded, contains ribose sugar, and uracil instead of thymine.

• RNA is double-stranded, contains deoxyribose sugar, and thymine instead of uracil.

• RNA is single-stranded, contains deoxyribose sugar, and uracil instead of thymine.

• RNA is double-stranded, contains ribose sugar, and uracil instead of thymine.

Transcription is

• the copying of DNA to RNA; happens in the nucleus

• the copying of DNA to RNA; happens in the ribosomes

• RNA to a Protein; happens in the nucleus

• the copying of RNA to DNA; happens in the nucleus

What is the Central Dogma of Molecular Biology? (What direction does information flow?)

• Protein

• DNA

• RNA

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