Elements and Principles of Design - Part II - Short Answer

Name and describe how TWO principles of design have been used in the cushion covering.

(4 Marks)

Answer explanation

Criteria

Marks

Correctly identifies TWO principles of design seen in the image.

Clearly provides characteristics and features of both principles of design identified in the image and the effect they have on the product.

4

Correctly identifies TWO principles of design seen in the image.

Outlines both principles identified and the effect they have in the product pictured in general terms.

3

Correctly identifies ONE principle of design seen in the image and provides characteristics and features of this principle in relation to the product.

2

Names a principle of design related to the product.

1

Answers may include:

Two of the following:

Proportion - is used in the pillow to create balance by dividing the pillow into three equal vertical sections.

Balance - is created in the pillow through the use of symmetry of colour and form between the three different sections. It adds stability and strength to the design.

Rhythm - is seen in the use of repetition of elements in the beaded section. It creates a feeling of organised movement in the design through repetition of colour, pattern and textures. It also helps the viewer’s eye to move around the design.

Emphasis - is created through the use of the beaded motif in the centre of the design to create a focal point. This is achieved by using contrasting bright colours and patterns in this area, as contrasted with the more muted tones on the sides of the product.

Contrast - is achieved in the design through the use of different bright colours and different textures used in the beaded centrepiece and tassles. This is also used in conjunction with harmony which is achieved through the repetition of line, shape and colour in the beaded centrepiece.

Harmony - is achieved through balance of all the elements of design used in the piece, giving a feeling of unity and harmony within the design.

Outline ONE example where optical illusions are created by different types of line.

(2 Marks)

Answer explanation

Criteria

Marks

• Clearly sketches in general terms ONE relevant example of how an optical illusion is created by using line

2

• Provides some relevant information where line is used to create an optical illusion

1

Answers may include: Vertical lines create an illusion of height and makes a person look slimmer as the eye is lead up and down. Horizontal lines create width and emphasis shortness as the eye is drawn side to side of the person.

Identify and explain how the dominant design principle has been used in the garment below.

(4 Marks)

Answer explanation

Criteria

Marks

• Recognise and name the appropriate dominant design principle

• Clearly relates cause and effect on how the design principle has been used in the design

4 - 3

• Names an appropriate design principle

• Relates the cause and effect of the design principle in the design

2 -1

Answers may include:

The dominant design principle is emphasis.

This is t part of the design that captures the viewer's attention and stands out from the rest of the design. Emphasis has been used in the fabric rose feature at the waist of the dress creating an interesting focal point.

Unity or harmony may be identified as the dominant design principle as the overall composition has a completeness of design as all the visual elements unify the overall design. Harmony is also created by this design as the composition looks unified and belongs together.

Name and describe how two principles of design have been used in the costume.

(4 Marks)

Answer explanation

Criteria

Mark

Correctly names and clearly describes two principles of design used on the costume

4

Correctly names and outlines two principles of design used on the costume

3

Correctly names and lists how one or two principles of design are used on the costume

2

Correctly names one or two principles of design used in the costume

1

Answers may include: Balance; uneven or asymmetrical balance can be seen in the contrasting drape on the front of the costume.

Rhythm; is created with the use of the drape, and the movement of the full skirt falling and puddling onto the floor on the side.

Proportion is evident in the length of bodice and skirt also sleeve interest, all proportioned to create an elongation of the legs with the broadening of the hips creating square shape.

Contrast, repetition.

Identify and explain the effect of ONE element of design and ONE principle of design that have been applied in the design pictured.

(6 marks)

Answer explanation

Criteria

Marks

Correctly identifies ONE element of design and ONE principle of design seen in the image.

Clearly relates both the element and the principle to the effect it has in the design pictured.

6-5

Correctly identifies ONE element of design and ONE principle of design seen in the image.

Outlines both the element and the principle to the effect it has in the design pictured in general terms.

4-3

Correctly identifies either ONE element of design OR ONE principle of design.

Links ONE element or principle to the design pictured.

2

Names an element and a principle of design related to the design.

1

 

Suggested answers may include:

Texture – is being used in the design through the application of ruffles. This gives the garment a soft, light feminine feel due to the technique and the use of sheer fabrics. The embroidery details on the shoulders and chest also provides a delicate, feminine feel through the texture.

Balance – the ruffles used on the lower edge of the dress is balanced by the use of a smaller area of ruffles at the waist and neckline. It provides an informal balance by giving visual weight to those other areas to counteract the ‘heaviness’ at the hem. th

Colour – is used to create a feminine effect through the monochromatic palette of shades of peach and coral in the design. The use of the monotone allows the details, texures and fabrics stand out and gives a soft effect. The gradual deepening of the colours draws the eye over the garment and provides a focal point at the hemline.

You have been asked to design an apron, featuring a logo, for the staff of a coffee shop. 

Explain how TWO of the principles of design can be applied to the placement of the logo on the apron.

(4 Marks)

Answer explanation

Marks

Criteria

4

Good explanation of use of two principle

2-3

Unequal explanation of two principles with more depth in one

1

Explains one principle OR Identifies a principle

Answers may include proportion, balance, rhythm, emphasis, contrast and harmony or unity

Explanations should be appropriate to the principle used.

Observe the image of the lined hand bag below.

Outline how "colour and line" and "contrast and harmony" have been used to create aesthetic appeal.  

2 Marks

Answer explanation

Colour and line

Mark/s

Criteria

2

Provides characteristics and features for colour and line in relation to the bag

1

Provides a feature reflecting colour and line on the bag

Answers may include: Harmonious colour scheme using colours next to each other on the colour wheel, green and yellow. Also the use of colours fromt the same hue provides a soft calm effect.

The line reflected in the bag is soft rounded feminine lines in the outline and shape of the bag.  Also thick lines with the use of piping around the outside

Contrast and harmony                                                                                         2                

Mark/s

Criteria

2

Provides characteristics and features for the uses of contrast and harmony in relation to the bag

1

Provides a feature reflecting colour and line on the bag

Answers may include: Contrast can be seen in the texture variation of the fabrication.  Various prints utilised, also the change in the smooth and rough stitching creates contrast.  The clasp reflects a contrast given the colour variation as well as the shape variation.

Harmony is reflected in the soft and smooth rounded line and shape.  Also in the use of the harmonious colour scheme.