Wade 1

Which of the following pathways indicate how nitrogen is added to the largest nitrogen reservoir?

• Nitrifying bacteria and lightning

• Decomposing plant and animal material

• Denitrifying bacteria and volcanic activity

• Nitrates taken up by plant roots

Based on the diagram, which group of organisms would be considered herbivores?

• Snakes

• Mice

• Grasshoppers

• Grasses

This biome has the highest net primary productivity, in part because of consistently warm temperatures and abundant sunlight.

• Temperate grassland

• Taiga

• Tropical rainforest

• Tundra

The underlying subsoil of this biome is permafrost, which prevents both water draining through and deep-rooted plants from growing. Additionally, there is very little precipitation per year.

• Temperate grassland

• Taiga

• Tropical rainforest

• Tundra

The net annual primary productivity of a particular wetland ecosystem is found to be 8,000 kcal/m2 per year. If respiration by the aquatic producers is 12,000 kcal/m2 per year, what is the gross annual primary productivity for this ecosystem, in kcal/m2 per year?

• 8,000

• 12,000

• 20,000

• 96,000

Which of the following is true of carbon as it cycles in nature?

• Carbon dioxide is released during photosynthesis.

• Carbon compounds rarely exist in the gaseous state.

• Carbon sinks include forests and oceans.

• The carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere is reduced by cutting trees.

• Carbon is concentrated in igneous rocks.

Which environment is most likely to be characterized by dry scrub with frequent fires?

• A

• B

• C

• D

• E

Which environment is characterized by the highest diversity of tree species?

• A

• B

• C

• D

• E

Which of the following biomes is best characterized as an area that forms the narrow band along the coast that experiences a range of environmental conditions (including daily changes in sunlight, temperature, and water)?

• Open ocean

• Lakes

• Coral reefs

• Intertidal zones

Nitrate ions and nitrite ions are converted into nitrous oxide gas and nitrogen gas (N2).

• Nitrification

• Denitrification

• Assimilation

• Ammonification

• Nitrogen fixation