Tissue Study lesson 1 Quiz

What happens to muscle tissue when nerve tissue is damaged?

• It regenerates quickly

• It atrophies

• It becomes stronger

• It multiplies

Answer explanation

When nerve tissue is damaged, it can lead to a lack of stimulation for muscle tissue, causing it to atrophy or weaken over time due to disuse. Therefore, the correct answer is that muscle tissue atrophies.

Which of the following is a function of epithelial tissue?

• Storing energy

• Protecting the body from physical damage

• Transmitting nerve impulses

• Contracting to produce movement

Answer explanation

Epithelial tissue primarily functions to protect the body from physical damage, serving as a barrier against injury, pathogens, and dehydration. The other options relate to different tissue types.

What is the role of glands in epithelial tissue?

• To store nutrients

• To secrete chemicals

• To transmit signals

• To provide structural support

Answer explanation

Glands in epithelial tissue primarily function to secrete chemicals, such as hormones and enzymes, which play crucial roles in various physiological processes.

What is the apical surface of an epithelium?

• The surface facing deeper body cells

• The surface facing the outside world

• The surface facing the lumen of a body cavity

• The surface facing the basal layer

Answer explanation

The apical surface of an epithelium is the outermost layer, facing the outside world or the lumen of a cavity. This distinguishes it from the basal layer, which is deeper and connects to underlying tissues.

How are epithelia classified according to cell layers?

• By the number of cell layers and the shape of the cells

• By the color and size of the cells

• By the function and location of the cells

• By the age and density of the cells

Answer explanation

Epithelia are classified based on the number of cell layers (simple or stratified) and the shape of the cells (squamous, cuboidal, or columnar). This classification helps in understanding their structure and function.

What is the characteristic of simple epithelia?

• They have multiple layers of cells

• They have a single layer of cells

• They have irregularly shaped cells

• They have cells of varying sizes

Answer explanation

Simple epithelia are characterized by having a single layer of cells, which allows for efficient absorption and secretion. This distinguishes them from stratified epithelia, which have multiple layers.

What is the function of the basement membrane in epithelial cells?

• It provides energy to the cells.

• It supports the cells by lying outside them.

• It stores nutrients for the cells.

• It acts as a barrier to water.

Answer explanation

The basement membrane supports epithelial cells by providing a stable foundation. It lies outside the cells, anchoring them and helping to maintain tissue structure, which is why this choice is correct.

What is the basement membrane classified as?

• Intracellular matrix

• Extracellular matrix

• Cellular organelle

• Protein complex

Answer explanation

The basement membrane is classified as an extracellular matrix because it provides structural support and anchorage for cells, separating them from underlying tissues.

How does connective tissue differ from the basement membrane in terms of extracellular matrix?

• It has no extracellular matrix.

• It has a less extensive extracellular matrix.

• It has an extensive extracellular matrix spread throughout the tissue.

• It has an extracellular matrix only at the edges.

Answer explanation

Connective tissue has an extensive extracellular matrix spread throughout the tissue, providing structural support and strength, unlike the basement membrane, which has a more limited and specialized extracellular matrix.

What is a characteristic feature of simple squamous epithelia?

• They have a single layer of cube-shaped cells.

• They have a single layer of flattened cells.

• They have multiple layers of columnar cells.

• They have a single layer of spherical cells.

Answer explanation

Simple squamous epithelia are characterized by a single layer of flattened cells, which allows for efficient diffusion and filtration. This distinguishes them from other types of epithelia that have different cell shapes and layers.