LECTURE 2 - SAD

Which of the following design approaches starts with the overall system and breaks it down into smaller modules or components?

• Top-down design
• Bottom-up design
• Both A and B
• Neither A nor B

What is the primary focus of bottom-up design?

• Breaking down the system into smaller modules
• Building individual modules first
• Integrating modules to form the complete system
• Defining functional requirements for each module

Which of the following benefits is NOT associated with structured design methodologies?

• Maintainability of code
• Reusability of code
• Understanding of system design
• Reduced planning and design effort

In structured top-down design, what is the approach used to develop detailed designs?

• Bottom-up integration
• Interface definition
• Stepwise refinement
• Context diagramming

Dataflow diagrams (DFDs) are used to represent the flow of:

• Code within a system
• Data within a system
• Processes within a system
• Communication within a system

Which level of Dataflow Diagram (DFrepresents the entire system as a single process and its interactions with external entities?

• Level 0
• Level 1
• Level 2
• Level 3

How are processes represented in Dataflow Diagrams (DFDs)?

• Rectangles
• Ovals
• Diamonds
• Squares

What is the purpose of entity relationship modelling (ERM)?

• Representing system processes
• Defining data flows
• Representing relationships between entities
• Illustrating external entities

Which modeling construct in entity relationship modelling represents hierarchies and inheritance relationships between entities?

• Specialization
• Generalization
• Weak entities
• Business rules

What type of cardinality indicates that an entity in an ER model can be associated with multiple instances of another entity?

• One-to-one
• One-to-many
• Many-to-many
• None of the above