Psychology Ch. 11 Thinking & Language

Which image is the same as the original image, aside from its orientation?

• Figure A

• Figure B

• Figure C

• Figure D

A visual, mental representation of an event or object is called a(n) ​ (a)  

• image
• symbol
• prototype
• concept

Which image is the same as the original image, aside from its orientation?

• Figure A

• Figure B

• Figure C

• Figure D

A representative example of a concept is called a(n) ​ ​ (a)  

• prototype
• concept
• symbol
• image

An abstract unit of thought that represents an object or quality is called a(n) ​ (a)  

• symbol
• image
• concept
• prototype

A label for a class of objects or events that have at least one attribute in common is called a(n) ​ (a)  

• concept
• image
• symbol
• prototype

An abstract unit of thought that represents an object or quality is called a(n) ​ (a)  

• symbol
• image
• concept
• prototype

Match the following

• convergent thinking

• The process of figuring out a concrete solution to any problem. Its characteristics include speed, accuracy, and logic.

• algorithm

• The process of thinking that explores multiple possible solutions in order to generate creative ideas. Its characteristics include spontaneous, free-flowing and non-linear thinking.

• divergent thinking

• Experimental strategies, or rules of thumb, that simplify a problem, allowing one to solve problems quickly and easily.

• metacognition

• "Thinking about thinking." Example: You reach the bottom of a page and thought to yourself, “I’m not sure what I just read.” Your brain just became aware of something you did not know, so instinctively you might reread the last sentence or rescan the paragraphs of the page.

• heuristics

• A step-by-step procedure for solving a problem..

In the news, we see people winning the lottery all the time and so think that we might have a good chance, too, of winning it. This overestimation of our chances of winning the lottery is an example of a(n) ______.

• availability heuristic

• representativeness heuristic

• anchoring heuristic

• familiarity heuristic

A person flips a coin 10 times and it has landed on tails every time. This person tell you that the odds are that the coin will land on heads this time. (The odds are 50-50, as they are with each coin toss.) This is an example of a(n) ______.

• availability heuristic

• representativeness heuristic

• anchoring heuristic

• familiarity heuristic