Unit 1: Pre-Colonization

1. Which of the following developments helped create a climate favorable to exploration in Europe between 1000-1650?

• The Protestant Reformation and Catholic Counter-Reformation

• Political centralization of nation-states

• New technology in navigation and shipbuilding

• All of the above

2. The rise of Protestantism emphasized which of the following?

• Obedience to the Pope

• Individualism and direct relationship with God

• Authority of the institutional Catholic Church

• Patronage of Renaissance artists

Merchants and traders from which country benefited greatly from overland trade routes to the East?

• China
• Italy
• Spain
• Portugal

4. The desire to find a new route to the East was driven in part by:

• Replacing Italian merchants in trade

• Seeking religious converts

• Curiosity about new lands and people

• Spreading Renaissance art and learning

7. What contributed to the decline of the Catholic Church's power and wealth in the late Middle Ages?

• 7. Black Death

• 7. Protestant Reformation

• 7. Crusades

• 7. Patronage of the arts

The following reasons motivated Europe to explore EXCEPT

• Gold

• Gospel

• Glory

• Globalization

1. What led to the "pestilential" conditions described on the Olaudah Equiano's slave ship?

• Lack of provisions

• Confined space and heat

• Stormy seas

• Disease carried on board

2. How does Equiano convey the desperate situation of the enslaved people?

• Through vivid descriptions of their physical suffering
• By explaining the economic benefits of slavery
• By highlighting the cultural differences between the enslaved people and their captors
• By discussing the political implications of the slave trade

3. What does Equiano's account reveal about the treatment of enslaved Africans?

• Equiano's account reveals that enslaved Africans were treated with kindness and respect
• Equiano's account reveals that enslaved Africans were treated as property and subjected to harsh conditions
• Equiano's account reveals that enslaved Africans were treated as equals by their captors
• Equiano's account reveals that enslaved Africans were treated with indifference

4. Why does Equiano say he envied the fish in the sea?

• Because they were free and he was enslaved
• Because they could swim
• Because they didn't have to work
• Because they had no predators