Brain Dump Quiz 1

A user is attempting to navigate to a website from inside the company network using a desktop. When the user types in the URL, https://www.site.com, the user is presented with a certificate mismatch warning from the browser. The user does not receive a warning when visiting http://www.anothersite.com. Which of the following describes this attack?

• On-path

• Domain hijacking

• DNS poisoning

• Evil twin

Answer explanation

The scenario describes a situation where the user is presented with a certificate mismatch warning when trying to access a website using HTTPS. This could indicate that the DNS resolution for the website has been manipulated, leading to the user being redirected to a different IP address or server controlled by an attacker. This type of attack is known as DNS poisoning, where the attacker maliciously modifies the DNS records to redirect users to fraudulent or malicious websites.

Which of the following tools is effective in preventing a user from accessing unauthorized removable media?

• USB data blocker

• Faraday cage

• Proximity reader

• Cable lock

A Chief Security Officer is looking for a solution that can provide increased scalability and flexibility for back-end infrastructure, allowing it to be updated and modified without disruption to services. The security architect would like the solution selected to reduce the back-end server resources and has highlighted that session persistence is not important for the applications running on the back-end servers. Which of the following would BEST meet the requirements?

• Reverse proxy

• Automated patch management

• Snapshots

• NIC teaming

Which of the following describes a social engineering technique that seeks to exploit a person's sense of urgency?

• A phishing email stating a cash settlement has been awarded but will expire soon

• A smishing message stating a package is scheduled for pickup

• A vishing call that request a donated be made to local charity

• A SPIM notification claiming to be undercover law enforcement investigating a cybercrime

Answer explanation

The social engineering technique that seeks to exploit a person's sense of urgency is described in option A. By stating that a cash settlement has been awarded but will expire soon, the attacker creates a sense of urgency and tries to manipulate the recipient into taking immediate action without thoroughly considering the authenticity or legitimacy of the email. This technique aims to pressure the target into making a hasty decision or divulging sensitive information.

A security analyst is reviewing application logs to determine the source of a breach and locates the following log: https://www.comptia.com/login.php?id='%20or%20'1'1='1
Which of the following has been observed?

• DLL Injection

• API attack

• SQLi

• XSS

An audit identified PII being utilized in the development environment of a critical application. The Chief Privacy Officer (CPO) is adamant that this data must be removed; however, the developers are concerned that without real data they cannot perform functionality tests and search for specific data. Which of the following should a security professional implement to BEST satisfy both the CPO's and the development team's requirements?

• Data anonymization

• Data encryption

• Data masking

• Data tokenization

A company is implementing a DLP solution on the file server. The file server has PII, financial information, and health information stored on it. Depending on what type of data that is hosted on the file server, the company wants different DLP rules assigned to the data. Which of the following should the company do to help accomplish this goal?

• Classify the data

• Mask the data

• Assign the application owner

• Perform a risk analysis

A forensics investigator is examining a number of unauthorized payments that were reported on the company's website. Some unusual log entries show users received an email for an unwanted mailing list and clicked on a link to attempt to unsubscribe. One of the users reported the email to the phishing team, and the forwarded email revealed the link to be:

<a href="https://www.company.com/payto.do?routing=00001111&acct=22223334&amount=250">Click here to unsubscribe</a>

Which of the following will the forensics investigator MOST likely determine has occurred?

• SQL injection

• Broken authentication

• XXS

• XSRF

Answer explanation

The forensics investigator will most likely determine that a Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) attack has occurred. In a CSRF attack, an attacker tricks a user into performing an unintended action on a website or application by forging a request that appears to come from a trusted source. In this case, the users were directed to a website where they unknowingly made unauthorized payments by clicking on a link in a phishing email. The link appears to be harmless, but actually contains code that instructs the user's browser to make a payment on the company's website. The unauthorized payments were made because the website accepted the forged request without verifying the authenticity of the request.

A report delivered to the Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) shows that some user credentials could be exfiltrated. The report also indicates that users tend to choose the same credentials on different systems and applications. Which of the following policies should the CISO use to prevent someone from using the exfiltrated credentials?

• MFA

• Lockout

• Time-based logins

• Password History

Answer explanation

MFA:

Multifactor Authentication

A company wants to simplify the certificate management process. The company has a single domain with several dozen subdomains, all of which are publicly accessible on the internet. Which of the following BEST describes the type of certificate the company should implement?

• Subject Alternative Name

• Wildcard

• Self-signed

• Domain Validation