Genetics Chapter 2 Review

The order of events in the cell cycle is

• S to G1 to G2 to mitosis.

• Mitosis to G1 to G2 to S.

• G1 to G2 to S to mitosis.

• G1 to S to G2 to mitosis.

Select the true statement regarding types of cells.

• Somatic cells are diploid, meaning that they have two copies of the human genome.

• Somatic cells are haploid, meaning that they have one copy of the human genome.

• Sperm and egg cells are diploid, meaning that they have two copies of the human genome.

• Stem cells are haploid, meaning that they have one copy of the human genome.

During apoptosis, caspases

• activate enzymes that cut DNA into same-sized pieces.

• cause mitochondria to replicate their DNA.

• alter the cell surface so that viruses can more easily enter.

• remove introns from DNA.

The cells within and on us that are not actually of us constitute the

• human microbiome.

• parasite family.

• exome.

• cytoskeleton.

"Adult" stem cells are more accurately called tissue-specific or somatic stem cells because

• they are also present in the tissues of embryos, fetuses, and children.

• some adults do not have them.

• whether they are present or not in an adult depends upon the individual's level of maturity.

• an adult body also contains embryonic stem cells.

The internal architecture of a cell consists of

• microtubules, intermediate filaments, and microfilaments.

• cilia and flagella.

• chitin and chlorophyll.

• lipid bilayers.

The cell cycle is a series of events a cell undergoes as it prepares to

• divide

• die

• adhere to another cell.

• pass along a signal.

A researcher identifies an abnormality in a protein that causes a particular inherited illness. To develop a treatment, it would be most helpful to know

• which cells are affected and how to replace the protein's function in them.

• if this type of mutation occurs in all species.

• the other types of molecules that cause or contribute to the disease.

• how the mutation was caused.

At the point in the cell cycle when mitosis begins

• DNA replication begins.

• each chromosome consists of two identical chromatids joined at the centromere.

• the number of chromosomes is reduced to half.

• the cell enters a dormant phase.

The defining characteristic of a stem cell is

• self-repair.

• self-renewal.

• the ability to turn into a cancer cell.

• its origin from a progenitor cell.