week 6

Which of the following answers describes the 3 functions of blood?

• Protection, Degradation, Elimination

• Transport, AP conduction, Structure

• Transport, Protection, Regulation

• Protection, Regulation, Energy Production

Answer explanation

Transport - Delivering gases, nutrients, hormones or waste products

Regulation - Body temp maintenance, pH buffering, fluid balance

Protection - Prevent blood loss, preventing infection by delivering antibodies and white blood cells

What type of tissue is blood characterised as?

• Connective tissue

• Epithelial tissue

• Muscle tissue

• Nervous tissue

Answer explanation

Blood is a connective tissue!

Which of the following components of blood make up the highest % of blood volume?

• Leukocytes

• Plasma

• Platelets

• Erythrocytes

Answer explanation

Plasma ~55%

Buffy coat (leukocytes & platelets <1%)

Erythrocytes ~45%

Will haematocrit levels be higher or lower regarding polycythaemia conditions

• HIGHER

• LOWER

Answer explanation

THINK: Opposite of Anaemia

How are red blood cells able to fit through capillaries that are smaller than the diameter of RBCs?

• Serous fluid coats the outside of the RBC's which helps them to slide through tight spaces

• Spectrin proteins form a network that allow RBCs to deform and pop back to shape

• The biconcave shape allows them to fit through narrow capillaries

• RBCs are hollow so they can easily flatten and then resume their normal size

Answer explanation

On a haemoglobin molecule, which globin chain holds a heme group that can carry 1 molecule of Oxygen

• Only beta globin chain

• Only alpha globin chain

• Trick question, heme groups each carry 4 molecules of oxygen

• Both the heme groups on either beta or alpha globin chains can

Answer explanation

Both globin chains (2 x alpha and 2 x beta) contain a heme group that can carry 1 molecule of oxygen.

Therefore; one haemoglobin molecule can carry max 4 molecules of oxygen

In the Haemostasis process, what is the purpose of vascular spasm?

• To enable the cascade

• To reduce blood flow through the vessel

• To suppress the release of prostacyclin

• To initiate the sympathetic response

Answer explanation

Resulting from direct injury to smooth muscle

Vasoconstriction = reduce in blood flow

The actin and myosin filaments in platelets are important for:

• Clot resolution

• Platelet plug

• Clot retraction

• Vascular spasm

Answer explanation

During fibrinolysis (removal of no longer needed clots once healing has occured), What is the fibrin digesting enzyme called?

• Plasmin

• Thrombin

• Thromboxane

• Prostacylin

Answer explanation

Why is vitamin K important?

• Increases absorption of Ca in blood

• Important in synthesis of clotting proteins by liver

• Important in absorption of VitB12 in intestines

• Important for skin health

Answer explanation