Earth Science Benchmark

1. What causes the Earth's seasons?

• a) The distance between the Earth and the Sun

• b) The tilt of the Earth's axis

• c) The Moon's gravitational pull

• d) The rotation of the Earth on its axis

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

2. During a solar eclipse, which of the following occurs?

• a) The Moon passes between the Earth and the Sun

• b) The Earth passes between the Moon and the Sun

• c) The Moon casts a shadow on the Earth

• d) The Sun casts a shadow on the Moon

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

3. What causes the different phases of the Moon?

• a) The Earth's shadow falling on the Moon

• b) The Moon's shadow falling on the Earth

• c) The Moon's orbit around the Earth

• d) The gravitational pull of the Sun on the Moon

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

4. What is a lunar eclipse?

• a) When the Earth blocks sunlight from reaching the Moon

• b) When the Moon blocks sunlight from reaching the Earth

• c) When the Moon passes between the Earth and the Sun

• d) When the Earth passes between the Moon and the Sun

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

5. How long does it take for the Moon to complete one full cycle of phases?

• a) 14 days

• b) 28 days

• c) 30 days

• d) 365 days

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

1. Which of the following best describes the role of gravity in the solar system?

 

•   a) Gravity causes all objects in the solar system to move in straight lines.

    

• b) Gravity keeps all objects in the solar system in constant motion.

    

• c) Gravity only affects objects on Earth, not those in the solar system.

    

• d) Gravity pulls objects towards the sun but has no effect on other planets.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

2. What is the primary reason why planets orbit the sun in the solar system?

  

• a) The sun's magnetic field pushes the planets in their orbits.

   

•   b) The sun's gravity pulls the planets towards it, causing them to orbit.

   

•   c) The planets are propelled by their own internal sources of energy.

    

• d) The planets are pushed by the solar wind coming from the sun.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

 

3. How does gravity affect the motion of galaxies?

  

• a) Gravity causes galaxies to remain stationary.

    

• b) Gravity pulls galaxies towards each other, causing them to collide.

    

• c) Gravity pushes galaxies away from each other, causing them to spread out.

    

• d) Gravity has no effect on the motion of galaxies.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

4. Which of the following best describes the relationship between gravity and the motions within galaxies and the solar system?

•    a) Gravity is the only force that affects the motion of objects in the universe.

    

• b) Gravity is the primary force that governs the motions within galaxies and the solar system.

    

• c) Gravity has a small influence on the motions within galaxies and the solar system.

    

• d) Gravity has no impact on the motions within galaxies and the solar system.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

5. What is the main difference between the role of gravity in the solar system and in galaxies?

  

• a) Gravity only affects small objects in the solar system, but it affects all objects in galaxies.

    

• b) Gravity has a stronger pull in the solar system compared to galaxies.

    

• c) Gravity affects the shape of galaxies, but it does not affect the shape of the solar system.

   

•   d) Gravity plays a similar role in both the solar system and galaxies.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2