CHAPTER 27

What layer of the skin forms a watertight, protective seal for the body?

• Epidermis
• Dermis
• Hypodermis
• Subcutaneous tissue

Which of the following statements regarding the dermis is correct?

• The dermis is the outermost layer of the skin
• The dermis does not contain any blood vessels
• The dermis is composed entirely of dead cells
• The dermis contains hair follicles, sweat glands, and nerve endings

In addition to external bleeding, the MOST significant risk that an open soft-tissue injury exposes a patient to is:

• Infection
• Pain
• Scarring
• Disfigurement

What is a laceration?

• A type of skin infection
• A type of bone fracture
• A deep cut or tear in skin or flesh. Can be smooth or jagged

• A type of muscle strain

An abdominal evisceration:

• Is a type of surgical procedure
• Is a type of heart disease
• Occurs when organs protrude through an open wound

• Is a type of lung disease

Patients with full-thickness (third-degree) burns generally do not complain of pain because:

• The nerve endings have been destroyed

• They are usually unconscious
• The burn area is not sensitive to pain
• They are under the effect of painkillers

Common signs and symptoms of an airway burn include all of the following, EXCEPT:

• Difficulty breathing
• Singed nasal hair
• Chest pressure

• Increased heart rate

According to the rule of palm method for estimating the extent of a patient's burns, the palm of the patient's hand is equal to _____ of his or her total BSA.

• 1%

• 5%

• 10%

• 20%

You and your partner arrive at the scene of a house fire where fire fighters have rescued a 50-year-old male from his burning house. The patient has superficial and partial-thickness burns to his face and chest. His nasal hairs are singed and he is coughing up sooty sputum. You should be MOST concerned with:

• The burns on his face and chest
• The singed nasal hairs
• The sooty sputum he is coughing up
• The potential for airway swelling

A utility worker was trimming branches and was electrocuted when he accidentally cut a high-power line. He fell approximately 20′ and is lying unconscious on the ground; the power line is lying across his chest. You should:

• Immediately rush to him and remove the power line
• Eat the power line

• Try to wake him up by shaking him
• 2. Rapidly assess the patient after ensuring that the power line is not live