Ch. 1 Early Settlers and Civilizations

How did the early settlers reach North America?

• By crossing the land bridge, Beringia

• By sailing across the Atlantic Ocean

• By boating across the Indian Ocean.

• By flying on airplanes

Who are archaeologists?

• People who study the tools and artifacts of people who lived long ago

• People who study the stars and planets

• People who study the human body

• People who study the weather

Why did the hunter gatherers begin growing their own food?

• Because much of the food they ate became extinct

• Because they wanted to try something new

• Because they were tired of hunting and gathering

• Because they wanted to trade their food with other groups

What was the name of the first civilization that was started in the Western Hemisphere?

• The Olmec people

• The Maya civilization

• The Hohokam people

• The Ancestral Pueblo or Anasazi

The Olmec

• Began in Southern Mexico in the rainforests

• Built Temples, carved huge stone statues, played ball games, created a calendar, and a writing system

• Farmers in Mexico and Central America were raising three crops: maize, beans and squash

• Spreaded their culture across Mexico and Southern America

• all of the above

The Maya

• Began in Southern Mexico in the rainforests

• Traded with their Olmec neighbors

• Grew to more than 40 cities

• Built great places for their rules and huge pyramid temples to honor their gods

• all of the above.

What caused the Maya civilization to decline?

• Outgrew their food supply and drought

• Conflict with the Olmec neighbors

• Invasion by a foreign army

• Natural disasters

What was the Classic Period?

• When Mayan culture reached its peak and when the Maya world grew to more than 40 cities.

• When the Olmec traded with their Mayan neighbors.

• When the Maya civilization declined

• When the Maya invented a new writing system

Hohokam

• Early Desert Peoples

• Built a complex irrigation system to bring water to their fields

• Native American group in Northern Mexico and present day Arizona

• Lived in Small villages

• all of the above

Ancestral Pueblo or Anasazi

• Early Desert peoples who used dry farming.

• Native American group

• Settled in the deserts of the Southwest- Utah, Colorado, Arizona and New Mexico

• Planted corn, squash, corn and beans

• all of the above.