What is the difference between a civilization, city-state ( polis) , country and empire?

To be a civilization, you need agriculture, bureaucracy, written language, and military strength. A city-state is an independent city with its own govt and own way of doing things, sometimes surrounded by dependent territories (not a small country, it is an independent city). A country is land controlled by a single government and does not need their land to be connected. An empire must be a civilization and you become an empire by expanding a civilization to become an empire but ONLY IF you are under a central government. A city state, civilization and country can each grow into an empire but a city state is not a country. You can have a civilization of hundreds of city states and grow into an empire BUT to be a country you are just controlled by 1 single govt vs. a city state that can have hundreds into a empire. A country can grow into an empire.

What goes in a footnote?

Author last name, title of the work, and the page number.

How do you cite a full, bibliographic citation?

Must be an alphabetical order of all sources used in your paper. The title must say "Bibliography" centered on the last page of your paper, no bold, no italics, and no underline. single spaced, 12 pt. and Times New Roman Font. If you have a full bibliographical citation, you must also have a footnote for it. In the citation it goes: Author name, work titled, year produced.

What does the G in "GRAPES" mean (simple and complex answer)

Geography: more than where they are located on a map, if they had a river/water source, mountain range, etc. AND how this effected their way of life

What does the "R" in "GRAPES" mean (simple and complex answer)

The religions that this civilization had. Whether it was more organized or localized, how this civilization valued religion, how this civilization was impacted by the religion and how it influenced their day-to-day lives

What does the "A" in GRAPES means? (simple and complex answer)

Art, Architecture, Accomplishments: How art was reflected and how society reflects art. Why civilization are often most easily recognized by their art/architecture. What are the people from this civilization famous for. Why writing is considered an achievement for a civilization. What are different types of achievements.

What does the "P" in GRAPES mean? (simple and complex answer)

Politics: what are the different political systems? what form of govt does this civ have? How is the governing an important mile marker? Who has the powe rin this civ and how are decisions made. Why is it important that laws exist, and how are conflicts resolved and war waged? Who had political rights? Who could lead politics.

What does the "E" in "GRAPES" mean? (simple and complex answer)

Economics: The different economic system and when they began to use a form of money. Most valuable resources. What does this civ produce, grow, and trade? What does economics tell us about a civ? How does econs related to other parts of a civ, like poltics?

What does the "S" in "GRAPES" mean? (simple and complex answer)

Social Structure: When a hierarchy of individuals came into play. How people interacted with each other. Were there special burial and rites and rituals for different classes, what kind of things fall under social structure? Who are considered the most important people, what do they do? Are there social classes? Do men/women/children/foreigners have different rights than one another.

Why do the GRAPES of a civilization matter? What do they help modern historians do?

They matter to determine whether or not one can truly call a civilizaiton a civilizaiton. They help modern historians define "civilization" with GRAPES. Most importantly, they help historians find out what life was like during each civilization and to compare the different ones to one another and GRAPES helps them get into the specifics of it.

What and where was/is the Levant?

Around the eastern Mediterranean. Modern day israel, syria, and lebanon. Homeland of the Phoenician civilization.

Who were the Phoenicians?

Civilization known for trade. Carthage was a Phoenician city, often spared by many countries. Phoecian gods were borrowed form greeks.

What were the Phoecians good at?

Ship building, dye making, glass making. Purple dye was made in tyre, they traded a lot.

What is the southern levant?

Area encompassed by modern Israel, Jordan, and Palestine,

Describe the Kingdom of Israel/Ancient Palestine.

Palestine was part of the region known as Canaan where the Kingdoms of Israel and Judah were located. After Herodotus, the term 'Palestine' came to be used for the entire region. Lands were originally inhabitted by hunter-gathers---->agricutlrualists---->trade with other nations expanded and Canaan propered---->incorportate into the Egypt. Israel: When Constantine the Great Legitimized Christianity and made it the state religion, Syria-Palaestina became a Chrisitan province and an important center for the new faith, and Palestine then was referred to as the Holy Land. Christian influence fell after the Byzantine Empire fell. state of israel was establish as a homeland for the Jewish people after world war 2.

How does Alexander the Great tie to Phonecia?

Alexander the Great took over Phonecia, tyre was seiged by Alexander and after tyre, he just DESTROYED everything. He breached the walls and massacred most of the populace. OVer 30k citized of Tyre were massacred.

What are the basic tenets of Judaism?

Oldest monotheistic religion, 1-God with estbalished a covenant with you. Jews believe the messiah hasn't come yet. They worship in synagogues. Their rabbis are spiritual leaders. The start of David is the symbol of Judaism. Matrilineal Founder: Abraham. Torah: Hebrew bible

What are the basic tenets of Christianity?

Monotheistic: 1 god who creaed the heavens and the earth. Consits of 3 parts: the father, the son, and the holy spirit. Believe Jesus is their messiah God promised to save the world, resolves around the life, death, and ressurection of Jesus who was crucified on the Cross. Christians believe in a second coming of Jesus. Holy Bible: most important Chrisitan book. Cross: symbol of Christianity. 2 most important holidays: christmas and easter

what are the basic tenets of Islam?

Most recent Abrahamic religion, 2nd largest religion in the world after Christianity. Muhammed was their prophet. Followers are called Muslim. They are monotheisitc. They believe nothing can happen without allahs permission. Holy text was revealedy Muhammed. Abraham was the 1st prophet and Muhammed was the last. Mosques are where Muslims worship. Qur'an is the major holy text of Islam. Follower worship allah by praying and reciting the Qur'an. Believe there will be a day of judgement of life after death.

Dharmic Religions: What are the basic tenets of Hinduism?

Oldest organized religion on earth, believed in "dharma" idea. Vedas is their holy schripture. There is no founder, just has always been there. Brahman has always been just "was". Brahman is the First Cause which sets all else in motion but is also that which is in motion, guides the course of creater. Purpose: you are a part of something bigger han yourself, recognize the essential oneness of existance.

Dharmic Religions: What are the basic tenets of Buddhism?

Buddhism is a non-theistic religion and doesn't believe in a creater God. Considered a philosphy and a moral displine. Founded by a Hindu prince who wanted to reform Hinduism and greated Buddhism. Buddha believes that desire and attahcment causes suffering and humans suffer because they are ignorant of the true nature of existence. "our life is shaped by our mind."

Dharmic Religions: What are the basic tenets of Jainism?

Ine of the oldest religions in the world, from India, dharma and Karma. they have 5 vows about the world and do not want to be attached to material possesions.

Can you give an example of an East Asian religion?

Taoism/Daoism. Ancient Chinese Religion. Both a philosphy and religion. DOing what is natural and going with the flow in accordance with the Tao (dao), a cosmic force which flows through all things and binds and releases them

Can you give and example of an African Religion and explain it?

Kongo Religion, Central Africa. Encompasses Traditional beliefs of the Kongo people. Spirituality based on a complex animistic system and a pantheon of spirits. Principle Creator of God of the world is Nzambi Mpungu. GAve birth to the universe and the spirits who inhabit it, but ancestor veneration is the core principle. Hade expert healers who asked moral questions...."have you been...?" that your bad thoughts would manifest physically. Ancestor veneration, common threats, ancestor worship.

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History Unit 0 Quiz

Named the starred location.

Name the place with the red dot.

Name the following Peninsula.

Name the starred location.

Name the starred location.

Name the starred place.

name the green place!

Name the emphasized place.

Name the emphasized place.

Name the emphasized place.

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