Federalism Chapter 4

Why does the Constitution divide power between the national and state government?

• Expressed powers

• In our federal system the central government has some powers over all citizens, the states have certain powers reserved for them, and they share some powers.
  Our founding fathers wanted to prevent an all-powerful central government
  Supporters of federalism has to convince state leaders that the Constitution set up a power-sharing arrangement that was reasonable

• Inherent powers

• Delegated powers

Delegated Powers

• Powers given to the federal government that are expressed and implied

• Powers given to the state government
• Powers given to the local government
• Powers given to the international government

Expressed Powers

• aka Enumerated powers are directly stated in the constitution; example: coin, money, make war

• Powers that are implied but not directly stated in the constitution
• Powers that are neither implied nor directly stated in the constitution
• Powers that are granted to the states

Implied Power

• A power that is not specifically authorized in writing, but is assumed because of similar powers which have already been granted in writing
• A power that is explicitly stated in the constitution
• A power that is granted by the president
• A power that is granted by the supreme court

Reserved Powers

• Powers reserved for the federal government
• Powers reserved for the state governments
• Powers reserved for the president
• Powers reserved for the supreme court

Concurrent Powers

• Powers that are shared by both the state and federal governments
• Powers that are exclusive to the federal government
• Powers that are exclusive to the state governments
• Powers that are not mentioned in the constitution

The Supremacy Clause

• A clause in the United States Constitution that declares federal laws to have jurisdictional authority over state laws
• A clause that states the president has supreme authority
• A clause that states the Supreme Court has the final say in all legal matters
• A clause that states the Congress has supreme authority

Reserved Powers

• Powers reserved for the federal government
• Powers reserved for the state governments
• Powers reserved for the president
• Powers reserved for the judiciary

What does the national government guarantee to the state governments?

• The right to secede from the union
• The power to declare war
• Protection against invasion and domestic violence
• The power to coin money

Admission of New States

• Only by the President
• Only by the Supreme Court
• Congress must pass an enabling act which allows the people of the territory to prepare a constitution and vote on it.
  

• Only by the Prime Minister