AP Art History - Unit 1 & 2 Review

the architectural complex shown can be identified as

• White Temple and its Ziggurat

• Great Pyramids (Khufu, Khafre, Menkaure) and Great Sphinx

• Temple of Amun-Re and Hypostyle Hall

• mortuary temple of Hatshepsut

the plan shows processional routes and secondary structures that were primarily intended to

• facilitate priestly offerings of food and drink to the deceased

• expedite the embalming process for the body of the deceased

• mark the beginning and ending points for ritual circumambulation

• aid large crowds of devotees during seasonal pilgrimages

the form of the Code of Hammurabi is shaped as a

• palette

• pyxis

• stele

• frieze

Which of the following is a feature of the Standard of Ur that provides evidence of a vast trade network with foreign lands?

• Inscriptions written in different languages

• The use of luxury materials acquired from other cultures

• The depiction of foreign dignitaries bringing tribute

• Imagery of a ruler’s travels to exotic lands

In the geographical region, the evolution in form from earlier tombs to the architectural complex shown most likely resulted from a desire to

• emulate the monumental tombs of foreign rulers

• innovate by using new materials to ease the process of creating such buildings

• provide space for an army to protect the ruler in the afterlife

• heighten the symbolic association with the Sun

In its original context, the interaction between the god Shamash and Hammurabi on the Code of Hammurabi was intended to cause in viewers a sense of

• fear of punishment by showing them the results of unlawful actions

• • empathy with their ruler by showing him as a mere mortal opposite a god

• respect for the laws recorded on the stele by suggesting their divine origin

• loyalty for their ruler by showing him making personal sacrifices for his people

In the work shown, features of different animals were combined for the purpose of creating

• a symbolic representation of a kingdom that was made through uniting separate realms

• an imposing mythical creature that was meant to safeguard the entrance to a royal complex

• the personification of a multifaceted deity to be placed inside the shrine of a temple complex

• the symbolic portrait of a king as protector and defender of stability in the realm

The megalithic structure shown uses a similar building technique to that of Stonehenge, in that the stones are

• aligned with the Sun along a strict north-south axis

• securely fitted together using mortise-and-tenon joints

• arranged with upright vertical elements supporting a horizontal element

• cantilevered with projecting elements anchored on one side

Answer explanation

While some megalithic structures, such as Stonehenge, have been purposefully aligned to match the position of the Sun at specific times of the year, there is no indication that the megalithic structure shown was aligned in such a way. In addition, megalithic structures of the European Neolithic period that were constructed with solar alignments are typically aligned along the points of sun rise or sun set during the solstices - points that would not lie directly on a north-south axis.

The anthropomorphic stele found near Ha’il, Saudi Arabia, is believed to have functioned as a

• road milestone

• 
  votive offering

• animal deity

• grave marker

Answer explanation

The anthropomorphic stele is believed to have functioned as a grave marker in an open-air sanctuary. It was found with two other statues that are also believed to have functioned as grave markers based on their archaeological context.

Which of the following was one technique employed by Paleolithic artists at the Great Hall of the Bulls at Lascaux to create the clear lines of the animals’ forms?

• Using pens made from hollow animal bones filled with pigment to draw precise outlines

• Using hands as stencils while blowing pigments to spray a surface

• Using leather cut into shapes and soaked in pigment to print forms onto the wall

• Using fingers dipped in fat from oil lamps to create wax contour lines

Answer explanation

One technique employed by Paleolithic artists at the Great Hall of the Bulls at Lascaux to create the clear lines of the animals’ forms was to use their hands or other implements as stencils while blowing pigments to spray the surface. In the early twentieth century, cave archaeologists recreated this process to show that this early form of spray painting would have been more effective and efficient in producing the clear lines of the animal forms than painting with a brush would have been.