Biology Chapter 3

Who discovered the shape of cells?

• Robert Hooke

• Anton van Leeuwenhoek

• Louis Pasteur

• Gregor Mendel

What is the fundamental unit of life according to the Cell Theory?

• Atoms

• Molecules

• Cells

• Organs

What is the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

• Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus, while eukaryotic cells do not

• Prokaryotic cells have internal membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells do not

• Prokaryotic cells have transcription and translation in the nucleus, while eukaryotic cells have them in the cytoplasm

• Prokaryotic cells are larger in size compared to eukaryotic cells

What is the function of cholesterol in cell membranes?

• Stabilizes the membrane and regulates fluidity

• Facilitates transport of molecules across the membrane

• Catalyzes chemical reactions in the cell

• Attaches to other proteins in the membrane

Which type of proteins in cell membranes allow the cell to receive signals from the environment?

• Transporters

• Receptors

• Enzymes

• Anchors

What is the process by which water moves across a permeable membrane?

• Simple diffusion

• Osmosis

• Facilitated diffusion

• Active transport

Which organelle is responsible for the production of most of the ATP in a cell?

• Nucleus

• Mitochondria

• Endoplasmic reticulum

• Golgi apparatus

What is the function of lysosomes in a cell?

• Protein synthesis

• Lipid synthesis

• Breakdown of macromolecules

• Modification and sorting of proteins

Which organelles are not included in the endomembrane system?

• Mitochondria and chloroplasts

• Nucleus and endoplasmic reticulum

• Golgi apparatus and lysosomes

• Cell membrane and vesicles

What is the primary function of chloroplasts in plant cells?

• Protein synthesis

• Lipid synthesis

• Energy production

• Cellular respiration