Prelim Review

(a)   is a piece of software that ensures the system runs smoothly and efficiently.

​ (a)   is the transformation of a ​ (b)   into a more general, powerful, and user-friendly ​ (c)   ​.

• Virtualization
• Physical Resource
• Virtual Form
• Concurrency
• Hierarchical Form

Virtualization allows programs to:

• sharing storage

• Access devices by...

• sharing the CPU

• Access their own instructions and data by...

• sharing memory

• Run simultaneously by...

Through​ (a)   , the operating system abstracts physical hardware into simplified representations.
These representations are accessed through​ (b)   .

The operating system handles these requests, acting as​ (c)   .

• virtualization
• interfaces
• the resource manager
• the CPU

Select all phrases that correctly complete the sentence: (there is more than one answer)

Memory is...

• not directly accessed by running programs

• virtualized by the operating system

• accessed constantly to fetch instructions, read and write data, etc.

(a)   refers to handling processes simultaneously.

The OS provides us with a standard, simple way to access devices through ___________.

• system calls

• memory shifts

• I/O signaling

• the device interchange

Unlike​ (a)   ,​ (b)   are not virtualized. The​ (c)   controls writing​ (d)   to​ (e)   .

• memory
• files
• file system
• I/O devices

What is the difference between a program and a process?

____________ allows modern CPUs to run applications concurrently.

• time sharing
• space sharing

• job manager

• overclocking