Bartlett War of the Ghosts

What did Bartlett's study show about memory reconstruction?

• Memory is immune to distortion
• Memory is an exact copy of what we hear
• Memory is based solely on social and cultural expectations
• Memory is influenced by what we already know about the world

What did Bartlett find about participants' interpretation of the story?

• They added new events to the story
• They omitted important details from the story
• They remembered different parts of the story
• They remembered the story exactly as presented

Why did Bartlett use a story from a different culture?

• To test the participants' knowledge of other cultures
• To investigate the effects of cultural expectations on memory
• To make the study more interesting
• To confuse the participants

What did Bartlett conclude about memory reconstruction?

• Memory is immune to distortion
• Memory is based solely on social and cultural expectations
• Memory is influenced by our beliefs and stereotypes
• Memory is an exact copy of what we hear

What happened to the story after it was passed on ten times?

• No changes to the story over time
• Omissions, changes to detail, and order of events
• Exact recall of the original story
• Increased word count and inclusion of ghosts

What were the limitations of Bartlett's study?

• The story was deliberately confusing
• The use of English students as participants
• Difficulties in analyzing qualitative data
• All of the above

What did Bartlett conclude about our memory?

• It is immune to distortion
• It is influenced by our beliefs and stereotypes
• It is based solely on social and cultural expectations
• It is an exact copy of what we hear

What did participants do to the unfamiliar names in the story?

• Created new names
• Changed them into familiar ones
• Omitted them from their recall
• Left them unchanged

What did participants remember about the story?

• Invented details
• Exact details and events
• Fragments and meaning
• Nothing at all

What did some psychologists criticize about the participants in Bartlett's study?

• They were not studying English
• They were likely to be better at reading and verbalizing a story
• They were too old to participate
• They were too young to participate