AP World History Review 2

Match the following definitions to the appropriate terms.

• Junk

• Chinese invention; used paper bills as currency instead of heavy metal coins

• Caravanserai

• Roadside inns found along the silk roads that were spaced about 100 miles apart

• Samarkand & Kashgar

• Trading cities that grew along the Silk Roads

• Paper money

• System of credit that allowed a merchant to deposit paper money under his name in one location and withdraw the same amount at another location

• Flying cash

• Large Chinese ship for carrying trade goods

Match the following historical developments to the theme that is MOST appropriate.

• Politics

• The spread of the Black Death from Asia to Europe due to infected fleas on rats, which followed the trade caravans

• Innovation / Technology

• The magnetic compass and the stern rudder

• Economics

• The fall of Baghdad, the fall of the Song Dynasty, and the rise of the Mongol Empire

• Environment

• Silk Roads, paper money, and flying cash

Which statement about China and trade does this passage best support?

• Trade between Europe and Cathay was greatly enhanced by the security established by the Mongol and Ming Empires.

• Merchants rarely traveled between Tana and Cathay because the road was very dangerous.

• Cambalec was an important trading hub, but it was not a large city.

• The author felt the risks of trade with China outweighed the rewards.

Which development was the turning point that led to the expansion of trade between Asia and Europe?

• The formation of the Silk Roads by Marco Polo allowed goods from Asia to be imported into Europe for the frst time.

• The conquests by Mongols, which led to improved trade routes and reduced trading costs.

• The invention of silk cloth during the early Mongol rule allowed the Mongols to trade for pottery, wool, and other European goods.

• The invention of paper money by Venetian bankers helped to facilitate trade between Europe and Asia.

Match the following definitions to the appropriate terms.

• Khan

• Latin for "Mongolian Peace". Century long period of peace that followed the Mongol conquest of Eurasia

• Pax Mongolica

• Establish by Kublai Khan, Genghis Khan's grandson, to replace the Song Dynasty after the Mongol conquest.

• Golden Horde

• Led by Batu, Genghis Khan's grandson. Conquered much of Russia and eastern Europe.

• Yuan Dynasty

• Established by the Buddhist monk Zhu Yuanzhang in 1368. Overthrew the Mongol's Yuan Dynasty. Ruled China from 1368-1644.

• Ming Dynasty

• King

Match the following Mongol attempts at conquest to their outcome.

• Japan

• Failed the first six attempts. Finally succeeded on the seventh invasion.

• Korea

• Succeeded in 1258. Executed the Caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate and massacred around 1 million citizens.

• Baghdad

• Failed twice. Both times the Mongols were held back by samurai armies and their fleets were destroyed by tsunamis.

• Mamluk Sultanate

• Failed. The Mongol envoys were executed and their heads displayed on the Cairo gate. The Mongols lost the battle of Ain Jalut because their enemy was unified and prepared.

Based on the passage, what can be inferred about the status of women in Mongol society compared to women in the Song Dynasty and Dar al-Islam c. 1250?

• The Mongol culture was more accepting of women in power than the cultures of the Song Dynasty or Dar al-Islam.

• The women in the Song Dynasty ran the government while the men were subject to foot-binding.

• The women in Dar al-Islam ran the government while the men were held as concubines in harems.

• Women were of essentially equal status throughout all societies c. 1250.

Match the following definitions to the appropriate technological innovations.

• Magnetic compass

• Possibly an Arab invention; their triangular shape could easily catch winds coming from many different directions.

• Lateen sail

• Muslim navigators used it to aid navigation by determining their distance from the equator.

• Astrolabe

• Large Chinese ship for carrying trade goods.

• Junk

• Chinese invention; aided ship navigation by always pointing north.

• Stern rudder

• Chinese invention which gave their ships more stability and made them easier to maneuver.

Match the following trading locations to the main products they exported (sent out for trade).

• Calicut

  (Vijayanagara Empire)

• Trade city at the midway point between the eastern and western Silk Roads

• Samarkand

• Nutmeg, cinnamon, cloves, and other spices.

• Swahili Coastal Cities (East Africa)

• Cotton, carpets, steel, and pepper.

• Spice Islands

  (Malaysia / Indonesia)

• Gold, ivory, and slaves.

• Yuan Dynasty/ Ming Dynasty (China)

• Silk, porcelain, tea, paper, gunpowder

The map helps explain why South Asian merchants preferred to travel

• to Africa in the winter months

• to Southeast Asia in the winter months

• to China in the summer months

• to the Middle East in the summer months