Is survival selfish?

Which sentence states a claim central to the author's argument?

• Running away is the best way to survive a disaster.
• Heroes have to fight their survival instinct to save others.
• People who save themselves are cowards who lack courage.
• People are sometimes criticized for saving themselves.

How do paragraphs 7 and 8 contribute to the development of the author's ideas?

• by arguing that in some cases, selfish actions cost people their lives.
• by demonstrating that in some cases, saving your life is the right action.
• by offering an example of what to do in an airplane fire or similar situation.
• by criticizing the other passengers for not trying to save themselves.

The author concludes her with --

• recommendations for what to do in a live-or-die situation.
• another example that explains what being selfish in a crisis means.
• a story about a friend who says you have to be brave and foolish
• a reflection that it can be hard to distinguish between smart and selfish actions.