Exploring Cell Structure and Function

Which of the following statements best describes the cell theory?

• All living organisms are composed of one or more cells, and the cell is the basic unit of life.

• Cells can only arise from pre-existing cells through cell division.

• Cells are the smallest unit of matter that can carry on all the processes of life.

• All cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

What is the primary function of the cell membrane in both plant and animal cells?

• To provide structural support and protection.

• To control the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

• To store genetic information.

• To produce energy for the cell.

Which of the following structures is found in plant cells but not in animal cells?

• Mitochondria

• Chloroplasts

• Ribosomes

• Endoplasmic reticulum

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Which type of microscope would you use to view the detailed surface structure of a cell?

• Light microscope

• Transmission electron microscope

• Scanning electron microscope

• Fluorescence microscope

What evidence supports the endosymbiotic theory for the origin of eukaryotic cells?

• Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus.

• Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA similar to bacterial DNA.

• Eukaryotic cells are larger than prokaryotic cells.

• Eukaryotic cells can reproduce independently.

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Which of the following best describes the role of ribosomes in a cell?

• They synthesize proteins.

• They store nutrients.

• They generate energy.

• They transport substances.

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How do prokaryotic cells differ from eukaryotic cells in terms of structure?

• Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus, while eukaryotic cells do not.

• Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells have them.

• Prokaryotic cells are larger than eukaryotic cells.

• Prokaryotic cells have multiple chromosomes, while eukaryotic cells have a single chromosome.

Which component of the cell membrane is primarily responsible for its selective permeability?

• Phospholipids

• Proteins

• Carbohydrates

• Cholesterol

What is the main function of chloroplasts in plant cells?

• To store water and nutrients

• To conduct photosynthesis

• To provide structural support

• To break down waste products

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Which of the following best describes the function of the Golgi apparatus in a cell?

• It synthesizes lipids.

• It modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for secretion.

• It generates ATP.

• It breaks down cellular waste.