Kettler- Third summative study guide

Modern-day Malaysia and Indonesia became known as the _____ ____ because of the fragrant nutmeg, cinnamon, cloves, and cardamon they exported.

• The Spice Islands

• Monsoon winds

• The Strait of Malacca

• Swahili city-states

is a settlement of people away from their homeland. In these communities, the new settlers introduced their own cultures. This, in turn, made many merchants convert to the new cultures. Many settlers stayed there for good, normally marrying wives, who often converted to their religion. Many diasporic communities arose with trade booming.

• Diaspora

• Kashgar and Samarkand

• The Strait of Malacca

• The Hanseatic League

In the 13th century, cities in northern Germany and Scandinavia formed a commercial alliance called the Hanseatic League. Controlling trade in the North Sea and the Baltic Sea, member cities of the league, such as Lubeck, Hamburg, and Riga, were able to drive out pirates and monopolize trade in goods such as timber, grain, leather, and salted fish. League ships would leave the Baltic and North Seas. They would round the Atlantic Coast of Western Europe, proceeding to the ports of the Mediterranean. There, they might pick up valuable goods from Arab caravans. The league lasted until the mid-17th century, when national governments became strong enough to protect their merchants

• Diaspora

• Flying cash

• The Hanseatic League

• The White Lotus Society

the junk which was a huge ship with multiple masts, the stern rudder which gave the ships more stability and made them easier to move

• The travels and writings of Ibn Battuta

• Chinese naval technology

• The Strait of Malacca

• Effects of the Chinese abandonment of shipbuilding after Zheng He

The Indian Ocean trade network ran from Northeastern Africa to southern India, some of the commodities traded were ivory, slaves, and iron. The Trans-Saharan trade route ran along the northwestern side of Africa to trade with the Mediterranean coast where Ivory, iron, and horses were traded.

• Batu and the Golden Horde

• Comparison of the Trans-Saharan and Indian Ocean Trade Routes

• Comparison of Zheng He’s ships and Christopher Columbus’ ships

• The effects of Champa rice on China’s population

In 1236, Batu, the son of Khan's oldest son, led a Mongolian army of 100,000 soldiers into Russia, which at the time was a loose network of city states and principalities. Batu’s army, which came to be known as the Golden Horde marched westward, conquering the small Russian kingdoms and forcing them to pay tributes. In 1240, the capital city of Kiev was looted and destroyed

• Genghis Khan’s appeal to commoners and peasant

• The Mongols and horse-riding

• The travels and writings of Ibn Battuta

• Batu and the Golden Horde

is a body of water flowing between what is current day malaysia. People around here got wealthy quickly by implanting taxes and fees on cargo ships traveling for trade in the strait. The most important of these trades being between India and China. Malacca used its extraordinary wealth to develop one of the world's strongest navy’s. CIties along this strait developed similarly.

• Strait of Gibraltar
• Panama Canal
• Strait of Malacca
• Suez Canal

China essentially abandoned ship building, voyages, and outreach by the end of the 1400’s. They became isolationist, which is shown most clearly by their building of the Great Wall at this time.

• Effects of the Chinese abandonment of shipbuilding after Zheng He

• Flying cash

• Comparison of Zheng He’s ships and Christopher Columbus’ ships

• The effects of Champa rice on China’s population

In the late 13th century, an Italian native from Venice, visited the court of Kublai Khan. Chinese cities impressed Polo. After Polo returned to Italy in 1295, he wrote a book about his travels. However, many Europeans refused to believe his descriptions of China’s size, wealth, and wonders. Only when other Europeans followed Polo’s route to China did people widely accept that China was prosperous and innovative. Polo’s captivating descriptions of the customs of the people he met intrigued Europeans. Polo wrote extensively about the high levels of urbanization he saw in the 13th century. Polo’s point of view as a merchant kept him focused on trade-related matters.

• The travels and writings of Ibn Battuta

• The travels and writings of Marco Polo

• Swahili city-states

• The Hanseatic League

Ibn Battuta was a Muslim scholar from Morocco who set out to see the world he read about. Over 30 years, he traveled through Central Asia, Southeast Asia, South Asia, China, Spain, North Africa, and Mali, mainly to Muslim lands. His book A Gift to Those Who Contemplate the Wonders of Cities and the Marvels Of Traveling provides a wealth of detail about the places he visited. His journey was in large part to learn as much as he could about Islam and its people and accomplishments.

• The Strait of Malacca

• The travels and writings of Marco Polo

• Similarities between Genghis Khan and Alexander the Great

• The travels and writings of Ibn Battuta