Test 2 Philosophers

This group of philosophers was most interested in figuring out what single substances forms the basic material of the world.

(a)  

He was born in Miletus in Asia Minor about 640 B.C. He was considered as the first of philosophers.

(a)  

He believed in monism- he held that only one substance existed in the universe, the first principle is Water.

• Anaximander

• Anaximenes

• Thales of miletus

• Heraclitus of ephesus

Most important philosopher of the Miletian school of Thales.

(a)  

He sought the primary substance of the universe, a substance which we could not contact by experience, which he called “The Boundless” – Apeiron

• Thales of miletus

• Anaximander

• Anaximenes

• Heraclitus of ephesus

• Pythagoras

The substance of everything was air and he introduced the Idea of Condensation and Rarefaction.

(a)  

when air condensed=wind, cloud, water, earth and finally stones and when rarefied can become FIRE.

(a)  

most quoted words are “you can’t step in the river twice” and “Everything changes but change itself.”

(a)  

A Greek philosopher and mathematician who invented the Pythagorean Theorem.

(a)  

He espoused a complex doctrine involving ontology- the question of what things must exist possibly exist, and in what ways things can exist.

(a)