Cycles in nature

Which of the following does not contain carbon from the bodies of plants and animals that died

millions of years ago?

• oil

• phosphate salts

• natural gas

• all of these

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

Which gas makes up 78 percent of our atmosphere but can be used by plants only when

transformed by bacteria first?

• nitrogen

• oxygen

• carbon dioxide

• helium

Which statement describes how humans are affecting the balance of carbon in the atmosphere?

• Fewer agricultural crops are planted, reducing the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere.

• Burning fossil fuels in great quantities has increased the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmoaphere.

• overgrazing of grasslands has reduced the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

• none of theses

Plants play a crucial role in the carbon cycle because they

• do not release carbon dioxide during cellular respiration.

• allow carbon to enter an ecosystem through photosynthesis.

• have special bacteria in their root system.

• use oxygen to create carbon.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

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Bacteria that live within the roots of the soybean plant are a critical part of the nitrogen cycle because they

• Produce oxygen
• Convert sunlight into energy
• Convert nitrogen gas into a form that plants can use
• Absorb water from the soil

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Which of the following is responsible for making nitrogen in the atmosphere useable by living organisms?

• Photosynthesis
• Respiration
• Nitrogen fixation
• Fermentation

Which item is a carbon sink and not part of the carbon cycle?

• Carbon found in a forest

• Carbon found in the ocean

• Carbon found in soil

• Carbon found in limestone rocks

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

Which of the following is one of the largest carbon reservoirs on Earth?

• Amazon Rainforest
• Sahara Desert
• Limestone

• Mount Everest

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

What lives within the nodules on the roots of plants called legumes?

• Nematodes
• nitrogen fixing bacteria

• Fungi
• Viruses

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

Excessive use of _________ on lawns and gardens can affect the nitrogen and phosphorus cycles in nearby lakes and streams.

• fertilizers
• water
• pesticides
• sunlight

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NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-4