PTN Sections 3-4 Review

You hear a client remark that she does not want to include any fat in her diet because she wants to avoid gaining weight. How might you respond, while staying within your scope of practice?

• Some fats are essential and required in the diet for important physiological processes. Avoiding all fats might lead to deficiencies.

• Fats provide more calories per gram than protein and carbohydrate, so avoiding them is a good strategy for weight management.

• Fats can be a source of extra calories in the diet, but they should be eaten to supply adequate energy for our brain.

• Fats are not an essential part of our diet and can be limited to avoid unnecessary calories.

Which of the following hydration options would be most appropriate for exercise lasting over 90 minutes, or shorter-duration exercise in warm temperatures with heavy perspiration?

• Sports drink or electrolyte tablets mixed with water

• Fruit juice

• Water mixed with fruit juice

• Plain water

Which muscle functions as part of the global muscular system?

• Erector spinae

• Transversus abdominis

• Multifidus

• Internal oblique

Which heart chamber gathers deoxygenated blood returning to the heart from the superior and inferior vena cava veins?

• Left ventricle

• Left atrium

• Right atrium

• Right ventricle

If someone went out for a 5-mile jog with their friend, which energy system would provide most of the ATP for this activity?

• Oxidative phosphorylation

• The ATP-PC system

• Beta-oxidation

• Glycolysis

What advice would enable a client to breathe properly?

• Sit upright and slowly breathe in through your nose while allowing your stomach to expand.

• Sit with an increased kyphosis and slowly breathe in through your nose while minimizing abdominal movement.

• Sit with an increased kyphosis and slowly breathe in through your nose while allowing your stomach to expand.

• Sit upright and slowly breathe in through your mouth while allowing your chest to expand.

What is the scientific term that describes the nervous system’s role in the contract/relax relationship between agonists and antagonists?

• Stretch-shortening cycle

• Reciprocal inhibition

• Length-tension relationship

• Muscle imbalance

What is cardiac output?

• The amount of blood remaining in the ventricle after contraction

• The volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute

• The volume of blood pumped by the heart per beat or contraction

• The amount of blood in the ventricle before contraction

Can supplements contain food allergens?

• No, because supplements are not real food.

• Yes, but only if the supplement is sourced from whole foods.

• Yes, and if they do contain allergens, they should be listed on the label.

• No, because supplements are not food.

Which joint is the most mobile, able to move in all three directions?

• Saddle

• Ball-and-socket

• Pivot

• Hinge