ITE8 - Chapter 3 Terms

aspect ratio

• A device that electronically captures a person's signature.
• An interface that allows the operating system to control power management. Replaces Advanced Power Management (APM). Allows technicians to create power management schemes to get the best performance from a laptop.
• A snapshot that contains information about a computer's operating system, installed programs, and Registry settings.
• The horizontal to vertical measurement of the viewing area of a monitor.

basic input/output system (BIOS)

• An older version of computer firmware that is responsible for hardware initialization, the power-on self-test (POST), and locating the Master Boot Record (MBR).
• An in-person attack in which an attacker rummages through trash bins to discover confidential documents.
• In a virtual machine, the memory needed for the host OS to meet the requirements of each VM and its guest OS.
• A key that is used with asymmetric key encryption and that is paired with a public key. Public and private keys are paired for secure communication, such as email. The private key is kept by an individual and must not be disclosed to any other party.

beep codes

• An audible reporting system for errors the BIOS finds during the POST.
• Hypertext Transfer Protocol; a protocol that provides a set of rules for exchanging text, graphic images, sound, video, and other multimedia files on the World Wide Web.
• Trojan Malware that actively attempts to steal confidential information, such as credit card numbers, by recording keystrokes entered into a web form.
• A printer in which a pulse of electrical current is applied to heating chambers around the nozzles to create a bubble of steam in the chamber. The steam forces ink out through the nozzle and onto the paper.

blackout

• A single integrated circuit that contains more than one CPU core.
• A Windows component that shows the history of application, security, and Windows system events.
• A complete loss of AC power.
• A measurement of the difference in intensity of light between the brightest point (white) and the darkest point (black).

boot loader program

• A card that provides additional USB ports to connect a computer to peripheral devices.
• A program that is configured to locate and load an operating system from the boot device.
• A drive that makes it possible to access a single file, specific folders, or an entire drive between different operating systems over a network.
• The electronic version of PHI, which includes patient names, addresses, dates of visits, telephone and fax numbers, and email addresses.

boot order

• The sequence in which a computer should check devices for the operating system's boot files.
• A feature in Windows 7, 8, 8.1, and 10 that enables a user to minimize all windows that are not being used by clicking and holding the title bar of one window and shaking it with the mouse. Repeat the action to maximize all of the windows.
• A device that is similar to a smartwatch but that is limited to monitoring a person's physical activity, sleep, and exercise.
• A security feature that is used to find a lost or stolen device.

booting

• A transmission technique that uses different frequencies to send multiple signals over the same medium.
• The backbone of a computer. It is a printed circuit board (PCB) that contains buses, or electrical pathways, that interconnect electronic components.
• The process of turning on a device and beginning the startup sequence, verifying hardware, and loading operating system software.
• A single CPU with six cores inside it.

brightness

• A backlight that shines through an LED screen and illuminates the display.
• A detailed program that determines maintenance timing, the type of maintenance performed, and the specifics of how the maintenance plan is carried out.
• A command that displays basic IP configuration information, including the IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway for every network adapter to which TCP/IP is bound.
• The luminance of a monitor, measured in candelas per square meter (cd/m2).

brownout

• A security policy item that ensures passwords meet minimum requirements and are changed regularly.
• A temporary drop in AC power.
• A Windows category that enables configuration of time and date settings and formats. Location and language can also be configured here in some Windows versions.
• The place where iOS backups are stored; iTunes allows backups to be stored on the local computer hard drive or on the iCloud online service.

case fan

• A small microchip that is responsible for interpreting and executing commands.
• A Windows permission that allows users to create new files and folders and make changes to existing files and folders.
• An active cooling solution to increase the airflow in a computer case to allow more heat to be removed.
• A process in which a print job is captured in internal printer memory.