Chapter 4 Part 3 Echo Path 1

True or False

A good place to start searching for the apical window is along the left sternal border at the 4th intercostal space.

• True

• False

Answer explanation

Left side of the apex

How do you angle the probe when finding the 4C?

• Lateral and superior

• Medial and superior

• Lateral and inferior

• Medial and inferior

Choose the walls best visualized from the 4C?

• Anterolateral, apical and inferoseptal

• Anteroseptal, apical and inferoseptal

• Inferior and anterior

• Inferolateral and anteroseptal

Which statement supports the tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE)?

• A measure of the peak diastolic longitudinal motion of the tricuspid valve annular motion

• A simple but good estimate of right ventricular global function

• Not angle dependent

• Not load dependent

True or False

TAPSE < 17 mm indicates decreased right ventricular function

• True

• False

True or False

Right ventricular dilation is reported if the right ventricle is larger than the left ventricle, or if the basal diameter is < 41 mm and the mid diameter is < 35 mm.

• True

• False

Answer explanation

This is normal, no dilation. RV diameter > 41 mm and RV > 35 mm

True or False

Right ventricular dilation is reported if the right ventricular basal diameter is > 41 mm and the right ventricular mid-diameter is >35

• True

• False

Choose the statement that supports the right atrial single plane area-length volume.

• Acquire from the 4C with emphasis on the right heart

• Include the right atrial area via planimetry

• Include the right atrial major dimension

• All of the above

True or False

Biplane method of disk summation provides a reliable estimate of left ventricular volume and LVEF.

• True

• False

This method provides a reliable estimate of LV volume through a process of dividing the cavity into multiple disks with equal height. The number of disks is determined by the length of the cavity, and the disk volumes are determined using the length and width of each disk.

• LVEF

• Teicholtz

• Biplane

• Triplane